Consider two competitive economies that have the same quantities of labor (L = 400) and capital (K = 400), and the same technology (A = 100). The economies of the countries are described by the following Cobb–Douglas production functions: North Economy: Y = A L.3K.7 South Economy: Y = A L.7K.3 In which economy is the marginal product of labor larger? Explain.

Consider two competitive economies that have the same quantities of labor (L = 400) and capital (K = 400), and the same technology (A = 100). The economies of the countries are described by the following Cobb–Douglas production functions: North Economy: Y = A L.3K.7 South Economy: Y = A L.7K.3 In which economy is the real wage larger? Explain.

If a country (say the UK) has 900 units of labour available, can produce two goods (cars and PCs) and the unit labour requirement in car production is 5 while in PCs production it is 2, the opportunity cost of cars in terms of PCs would be 2.5. Indicate whether the above statement is True or False, AND with a couple of sentences explain why.

At low levels of production, marginal productivity of labor increases as labor increases. At high levels of production, marginal productivity of labor decreases as labor increases. Are these two statements contradictory? Explain.

Apple Republic and Banana Republic have 60,000 workers and 120,000 workers, respectively, and labor is the only factor of production. Unit labor requirements for both countries are given in the table below. Units of labor required per unit of output Banana Apple 4 2 Compute relative autarky price ratios (price of pork relative to that of fish) for both countries, defined as Pp/PF. Pork Fish 4 8

Solve Part C on paper

In your "toast" production function, you used your labor and a toaster as capital. Keeping capital constant, i.e., with only one toaster if you keep adding the labor, i.e., bring your friends to help you with making toasts, which of the following might happen? Group of answer choices Marginal returns to labor will be a constant. Marginal returns to labor will keep decreasing and, after a point, it will become negative. Marginal returns to labor will keep increasing. Marginal returns to labor will keep increasing and then be a constant.

Assume a Ricardian model. The following table shows the amount of output produced by each unit of labor in Germany and France and also the amount of labor available in those countries. Wheat (W) Computers (C) France 5 8 Germany 2 4 (a) Under free trade each country completely specializes in the good in which it has comparative advantage. Germany has 90,000 units of labor. Germany consumes 105,000 tons of wheat whether it is in autarky (no trade) or in free trade. Suppose under free trade the terms of trade are 1W = 1.75C. How many computers does Germany gain when its economy moves from autarky to free trade? Fermany produces Comparative wheat 525d = 0) once advantage. trade

Problem 2: Production economy Consider a production economy with two firms, X and Y, and two factors of production, labor and capital. Firm X produces the output good X with a technology that can be de- scribed by the following production function: fx(lx, kx) = lx + kx, where lx is the quantity of labor and kx is the quantity of capital. Firm Y produces the output good Y with a technology that can be de- scribed by the following production funetion: fr(ly, ky) = y + VAy, where ly is the quantity of labor and ky is the quantity of capital. The economy has a total endowment of labor L > 0 and a total endowment of capital K = L. The price of the good X is p > 0 and the price of good Y is q = 1. These output prices are determined on international markets and are not affected by the supply decisions of the firms. (a) Find the set of production efficient allocations in this economy. Illus- trate the set of efficient factor allocations in a Bowley box diagram. Describe and illustrate the…

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