Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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![**Study of Malate to Oxaloacetate Reaction**
---
**Chemical Reaction Analysis**
Consider the biochemical reaction:
\[ \text{Malate} + \text{NAD} \leftrightarrow \text{Oxaloacetate} + \text{NADH} \]
with a standard Gibbs free energy change (\( \Delta G'^\circ \)) of +29.7 kJ/mol.
---
**Experimental Conditions**
At 25°C, the cell has the following concentrations:
- **Malate**: 0.5 mM
- **Oxaloacetate**: 0.00002 mM
- **NAD**: 1 mM
- **NADH**: 0.04 mM
---
**Key Question**
Given the above concentrations, **is the reaction spontaneous**?
---
**Analysis and Conclusion**
Based on the provided data, you will need to calculate the actual Gibbs free energy change (\(\Delta G\)) under cellular conditions, considering the provided concentrations, and compare it to zero to determine spontaneity.
The reaction will be spontaneous if:
\[ \Delta G = \Delta G'^\circ + RT \ln \left( \frac{[\text{Oxaloacetate}][\text{NADH}]}{[\text{Malate}][\text{NAD}]} \right) < 0 \]
Utilize the given data and apply appropriate calculations as part of the learning objective to comprehend whether the cellular conditions favor a spontaneous reaction.
For details on performing such calculations, refer to the instructional module on Gibbs free energy and reaction spontaneity.](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/e927df63-f1e3-498b-a31a-923bb5077d27/5aed935e-095a-4616-bde0-e0540cdc0f46/62cmfa6_processed.png)
Transcribed Image Text:**Study of Malate to Oxaloacetate Reaction**
---
**Chemical Reaction Analysis**
Consider the biochemical reaction:
\[ \text{Malate} + \text{NAD} \leftrightarrow \text{Oxaloacetate} + \text{NADH} \]
with a standard Gibbs free energy change (\( \Delta G'^\circ \)) of +29.7 kJ/mol.
---
**Experimental Conditions**
At 25°C, the cell has the following concentrations:
- **Malate**: 0.5 mM
- **Oxaloacetate**: 0.00002 mM
- **NAD**: 1 mM
- **NADH**: 0.04 mM
---
**Key Question**
Given the above concentrations, **is the reaction spontaneous**?
---
**Analysis and Conclusion**
Based on the provided data, you will need to calculate the actual Gibbs free energy change (\(\Delta G\)) under cellular conditions, considering the provided concentrations, and compare it to zero to determine spontaneity.
The reaction will be spontaneous if:
\[ \Delta G = \Delta G'^\circ + RT \ln \left( \frac{[\text{Oxaloacetate}][\text{NADH}]}{[\text{Malate}][\text{NAD}]} \right) < 0 \]
Utilize the given data and apply appropriate calculations as part of the learning objective to comprehend whether the cellular conditions favor a spontaneous reaction.
For details on performing such calculations, refer to the instructional module on Gibbs free energy and reaction spontaneity.
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