Consider a owner-manager problem in which πgross = 2e + ε [manager has control over e, ε are factors outside of manager’s control, ε~N(0,σ2 )] The owner pays the manager a salary of s out of the gross profits. Manager’s cost of effort = e2 /2. Manager has constant risk aversion utility function. σ 2 = 4 A = 1 a) What is the first-best outcome for manager utility, manager effort, and net profits of the owner? b) Now consider that the owner cannot observe manager effort and offers a salary tied to gross profits: s(πgross) = a + b πgross What is the second-best outcome for manager utility, manager effort, and net profits of the owner?

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The value of a successful project is $420,000; the probabilities of success are 1/2 with good supervision and 1/4 without. The manager is risk neutral, not risk averse as in the text, so his expected utility equals his expected income minus his disutility of effort. He can get other jobs paying $90,000, and his disutility for exerting the extra effort for good supervision on your project is $100,000. (a) Show that inducing high effort would require the firm to offer a compensation scheme with a negative base salary; that is, if the project fails, the manager pays the firm an amount stipulated in the scheme. (b) How might a negative base salary be implemented in reality? (c) Show that if a negative base salary is not feasible, then the firm does better to settle for the low-pay, low-effort situation.

Soft selling occurs when a buyer is skeptical of the usefulness of a product and the seller offers to set a price that depends on realized value. For example, suppose a sales representative is trying to sell a company a new accounting system that will, with certainty, reduce costs by 10%. However, the customer has heard this claim before and believes there is only a 30% chance of actually realizing that cost reduction and a 70% chance of realizing no cost reduction. Assume the customer has an initial total cost of $300. According to the customer's beliefs, the expected value of the accounting system, or the expected reduction in cost, is .   Suppose the sales representative initially offers the accounting system to the customer for a price of $19.50. The information asymmetry stems from the fact that the    has more information about the efficacy of the accounting system than does the     . At this price, the customer    purchase the accounting system, since the expected…

Can Question 10 be answered?

At a company, 20 employees are making contributions for a retirement gift. Each of the 20 employees is choosing how many dollars to contribute from the interval [0,20]. The manager of these 20 employees announces that she will contribute dd dollars for every dollar that an employee contributes. The payoff to employee ii who makes contribution of xixi​ dollars is bi(1+d)xi−xi, where bi>0.bi​(1+d)xi​−xi​, where bi​>0. Assume that d=4d=4, bi=0.25bi​=0.25 for i=1,2,…,10i=1,2,…,10, andbi=0.5bi​=0.5 for i=11,12,…,20i=11,12,…,20 What is the best contribution level of any employee ii for i=1,2,…,10i=1,2,…,10.   At a company, 20 employees are making contributions for a retirement gift. Each of the 20 employees is choosing how many dollars to contribute from the interval [0,20]. The manager of these 20 employees announces that she will contribute dd dollars for every dollar that an employee contributes. The payoff to employee ii who makes contribution of xixi​ dollars is bi(1+d)xi−xi,…

Soft selling occurs when a buyer is skeptical of the usefulness of a product and the seller offers to set a price that depends on realized value. For example, suppose a sales representative is trying to sell a company a new accounting system that will, with certainty, reduce costs by 10%. However, the customer has heard this claim before and believes there is only a 20% chance of actually realizing that cost reduction and a 80% chance of realizing no cost reduction. Assume the customer has an initial total cost of $200. According to the customer's beliefs, the expected value of the accounting system, or the expected reduction in cost, is $____   .   Suppose the sales representative initially offers the accounting system to the customer for a price of $12.00. The information asymmetry stems from the fact that the ______(sales rep or buyer)    has less information about the efficacy of the accounting system than does the  ______(sales rep or buyer)   . At this price, the…

David is an expected-utility maximizer that likes to drive fast (and reckless at times), so his probability of an accident is 2/3. David's preferences over wealth are u(w) = vw. Suppose that David's initial wealth is $100. If David has an accident, he incurs a $51 loss. How much is the risk premium David willing to pay to be as well off in case of accident or not?

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