Consider a network with 4 links between two hosts where the maximum allowable packet size is 1000 bits; each link has a transmission rate of 2000 bits per second, except the second link has a transmission rate of 1000 bits per second. How long does it take to send 6000 bits from one host to the other? You may ignore propogation delay, assume there is no other traffic on the network, and assume that no routers drop packets due to queue length. Round your answer to two decimal places

Suppose an application uses rdt 3.0 as its transport layer protocol. As the stop-and-wait protocol has very low channel utilization (shown in the cross country example), the designers of this application let the receiver keep sending back a number (more than two) of alternating ACKO and ACK 1 even if the corresponding data have not arrived at the receiver. Would this application design increase the channel utilization? Why? Are there any potential problems with this approach? Explain.

Consider a packet of length L that begins at end system A and travels over three links to a destination end system. These three links are connected by two packet switches. Let d, s, and R denotes the length, propagation speed, and the transmission rate of link i, for i=1,2,3 . The packet switch delays each packet by d . Assuming no queuing delays, in terms of d, s , R, (i=1,2,3),  and L, what is the total end-to-end delay for the packet? Suppose now the packet is 1,500 bytes, and the propagation speed on all three links are 3125km/sec, 10000 km/sec, and 3333km/sec respectively. The transmission rates of all three links are 2 Mbps, the packet switch processing delay is 3 msec, the length of the first link is 5,000 km, the length of the second link is 4,000 km, and the length of the last link is 1,000 km. For these values, what is the end-to-end delay?    In the above problem, suppose R1=R2=R3=R and dproc=0. Further, suppose the packet switch does not store-and-forward packets but…

Consider the network shown below, and Dijkstra's link-state algorithm. Suppose that Dijkstra's algorithm has been run to compute the least cost paths from node E to all other nodes. Now suppose that source node E has a packet to send to destination node A. What is the first router to which E will forward this packet on its path to A? O C O O O LL B A 3 2 B 8 D 10 E 4 2 F