Computer A is sending a 10 MByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 100 Mbps links of 2000 km length each. Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2 x 108 m/s. Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1480 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. How many packets total will Computer A have to send out?

Computer A is sending a 100 kByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 10 Mbps links of 1000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2.5 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1500 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. If transmission starts at time t=0, how long (in seconds) does it take until Computer B has received the last bit of the complete file transfer?Assume that the switch between link 1 and 2 is a "store-and-forward" switch. Furthermore, assume that processing and queuing delays are negligible and no other stations are using the links.

Consider the following network with given line speeds and lengths:   Assume the speed of light is 2×10^8 m/s, and that the processing and queuing delays are negligible.   Node A sends a 1400-byte frame to node C through node B. Suppose Node A starts sending the first bit of the frame at t=0. Answer the following questions:   a. At what time (t=?) node B receives the frame in full (i.e. the last bit)?   b. After node B receives the frame in full, then it will start sending the frame to node C. Determine the time (t=?) when node C receives the frame in full.    c. Suppose at this time node C sends a small acknowledgment back to node A. The transmission time for the acknowledgment is negligible. Calculate at what times (t=?) the acknowledgment arrives at nodes B and A.    d. Assume after sending its frame, node A wait for the acknowledgment back from node C before sending the next frame. What is the average throughput (number of transmitted bits per second) of the data flow from node A to…

6. Delays. A user in Madagascar, connected to the internet via a 100 Mb/s (b-bits) connection retrieves a 250 KB (B-bytes) web page from a server in Tokyo, where the page references three images of 500 KB each. Assume that the one-way propagation delay is 82 ms and that the user's access link is the bandwidth bottleneck for this connection. a. Approximately how long does it take for the page (including images) to appear on the user's screen, assuming non-persistent HTTP using a single connection at a time? (For this part, you should ignore queueing delay and transmission delays at other links in the network) How long does it take if the connection uses persistent HTTP (single connection)? b. c. Suppose that user's access router has a 4 MB buffer (B-byte) on the link from the router to the user. How much delay does this buffer add during periods when the buffer is full? d. Assume a cache rate of 45% on the information received by the user in Madagascar from the Tokyo server. How does…

Computer A is sending a 10 MByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 100 Mbps links of 2000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1480 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. How long (in seconds) does it take Computer A to send out one packet of maximum length on the first link?

a) Consider a CSMA/CD network running at 20 Mb/s over 3-km cable with no repeaters. The signal speed in the cable is 2×108 m/s. Suppose station A starts transmitting a frame of size 400 bytes at time T. i. Can it happen that station A detects a collision at time T+10 us (micro seconds) if there was no collision detected between time T and T+10 μs? Justify your answer. Can it happen that the station detects a collision at time T+20 μs, if there was no collision detected between time T and T+20 us? Justify your answer. iii. Can it happen that the station detects a collision at time T+33 μs, if there was no collision detected between time T and T+33 us?? Justify your answer.

Computer A is sending a 100 kByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 10 Mbps links of 1000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2.5 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1500 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. How "long" (in meters) is one bit on link 1?

A TCP connection is established through 10 wireless hops in an acoustic underwater ad hoc network. Assume that each hop is 100 meter in the average, acoustic signals travel 1500 meter per second, 10 kilobit data can be sent per second over a link, the source node has one megabyte of data to send, the receiver window size is 64 kilobytes, the maximum segment size is 1 kilobyte and the average processing delay for routing at each node is one millisecond. Assume also that the following segments do not reach the destination: 67, 112, 137. What would be the average utilization of the links for this connection if there is not another communications through them? Explain an alternative approach to increase the bandwidth utilization?

Computer A is sending a 10 MByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 100 Mbps links of 2000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1480 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. How many bytes will be contained in the last packet?

Computer A is sending a 100 kByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 10 Mbps links of 1000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2.5 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1500 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. How long (in seconds) does it take Computer A to send out one packet of maximum length on the first link?