Q: The chemical nature of endotoxins is that of a protein lipid polysaccharide nucleic acid
A: Endotoxin is a type of pyrogen that is found in Gram-negative bacteria's cell walls, such as E.…
Q: A new chemotherapeutic drug kills bacteria but not humans. Discuss the possible ways the drug may…
A: A cell is defined as the smallest unit of a living organism which is the basic structural,…
Q: Many antibiotics used in modern medicine are compounds made by fungi that inhibit bacterial protein…
A: Antibacterials are used to treat bacterial infections. Antibiotics are classified generally as…
Q: Which one of the following is a potent neurotoxin? β-mercaptoethanol Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Non…
A: Potent means strong and Neurotoxin means a chemical substances that are toxic or poisonous to…
Q: Which of the following inhibitors are correctly grouped? (Hint: same target) O cyanide, amytal,…
A: The electron transport chain is composed of four complexes named NADH dehydrogenase, Succinate…
Q: Why is host toxicity a common problem withantiviral and antifungal drugs? Identify the targets…
A: Antiviral drugs selectively target virus-specific enzymes and their processes. The antiviral drugs…
Q: Define 43-kDa connexin
A: Connexins are structurally associated transmembrane proteins that assemble to create gap junctions…
Q: Which of the following is antiviral drug? O a. Penicillin O b. Streptomycin O c. Acyclovir O d. All
A:
Q: Explain how egg white can serve as an emergency antidote for heavy poisoning.
A: Egg white can serve as an emergency antidote for heavy poisoning of some metals like mercury and…
Q: Cephalosporins resemble which antibiotic in their mode ofaction and their structure?(a)…
A: A type of antimicrobial substance that is active against bacteria is an antibiotic. It is the most…
Q: Explain in very few words at which step Cannabis is able to make different Cannabinoids. ?
A: Cannabis is a flowering plant genus belonging to the family Cannabaceae. The genus has an unknown…
Q: The primary mechanism of antibacterial action of the penicillin involves inhibition of…
A: Penicillin is a generally utilised antibiotic recommended to treat staphylococci & streptococci…
Q: On the skin, Propionibacterium acnes converts lipids secreted by the oil glands to unsaturated fatty…
A: An ecological competition is created by the bacterial interference between the commensal and…
Q: Compare and contrast Bacterial Endotoxins and Exotoxins at 4 levels
A: Endotoxins as name suggests are inner component of the cell secreted by the bacteria whereas…
Q: Which of the following is correct about aflatoxin? 1) It is added to some ice creams and salad…
A: Aflatoxin It is a poisonous carcinogen and mutagen that are produced by molds like Aspergillus…
Q: Many antibiotics used in modern medicine are compounds made by fungi that inhibit bacterial protein…
A: Introduction Antimicrobials are medications that treat diseases caused by microbes, these are agents…
Q: Name the compound used in anti-malarial drug is
A: Malaria is an infectious disease spread by mosquitos. It is usually caused by a single-celled…
Q: Which antimicrobial drug does not inhibit cell wall synthesis? a) gentamicin b) vancomycin c)…
A: Antimicrobial drugs are chemicals that interfere with some specific microbial structure or function…
Q: Which of the following would be considered broad-spectru,? a. vancomycin b. penicillin g c.…
A: ans :- option (a) is right vancomycin
Q: Which of the following statement is / are incorrect regarding the illustrated drugs below? NH, H2N…
A: Therapeutic drugs are given to treat the diseases in therapeutic dose of a drug that is the proper…
Q: Identify the sources of Penicillin Cephalosporin Streptomycin Bacitracin
A: Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria that fight bacterial…
Q: Match the antimicrobial drug class to its action. 1. Macrolides A. Inhibit cell wall synthesis 2.…
A: Introduction:- Antimicrobial agent, any of a wide range of chemical substances and physical agents…
Q: Although mutants incapable of producing exotoxins are relatively easy to isolate, mutants incapable…
A: Toxins generated by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungus are known as microbial toxins. Toxins…
Q: The compound used in anti-malarial drug is: Chloroquin Aspirin Neoprene Isoprene
A: Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals. The symptoms…
Q: Compare and contrast the major characteristics of exotoxins andendotoxins.
A: Microbial toxins are noxious substances generated by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria in…
Q: Compare and contrast the exotoxins and endotoxin. What are the limitations in their detection by…
A: Endotoxin is a lipopolysaccharide that consists of the lipid A portion containing fatty acids and…
Q: antibiotics is not bactericidal
A: Antibiotics are used as a safety measure against the attack of microorganisms. They disable the…
Q: Describe the relationship between an antitoxin, a toxin, and a toxoid.
A: The immune system is a bodily system which consists of white blood cells, and organs and tissues of…
Q: Contrast endotoxins with exotoxins.
A: Introduction :- Endotoxins are lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes that are produced when a cell…
Q: Compare the effect of tetanospasmin (tetanus toxin) with the effectof botulinum on muscles.
A: Muscles: In animals, soft tissues found known as muscles. Muscles cells contain…
Q: Silver sulfadiazine is useda. in antisepsis of burns b. as a mouthwash c. to treat genital gonorrhea…
A: Silver compounds are used as disinfectants in medical devices and as ointments to prevent biofilm…
Q: Which below are antifungal drugs? 1. beta-lactam antibitoics 2. tetracylcine, aminoglycosides,…
A: Antifungal drugs are given to kill or to stop the growth of fungi causing fungal infections in the…
Q: Antibiotic Target Mode of Action Penicillin Erythromycin Ciprofloxacin Tetracycline…
A: Antibiotics can be defined as the type of medication which either inhibits the growth of bacteria or…
Q: Which of the following statements is not correct for methanogens? (a) They are archaebacteria.
A: Methanogens: These are microorganisms which produce methane as a metabolic byproduct in hypoxic…
Q: Compare the mechanism of action of bactericidal and bacteriostatic agents.
A: Antibiotics are substances that help in fighting bacterial infections. These can be divided on the…
Q: Name the element which caused minamatta disease in Japan.
A: Minamata disease appeared as an epidemic in 1956 in Minamata, a town in Japan.
Q: What kind of drug might be made out of an antimicrobial peptide and describe an advantage it would…
A: Bacterial drug resistance is now a significant ill health everywhere the planet as a results of…
Q: The compound used in anti-malarial drug is: A. AspirinB. NeopreneC. IsopreneD. Chloroquin
A: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum. It spreads with the help of insect…
Q: Define toxigenicity and summarize the main features of exotoxinsand endotoxins.
A: Any substance that has the ability to cause ill effects to living cells of plants and animals is…
Q: what is the mechanism of action for penicillins? a. injury to plasma membrane b. inbibition of…
A: Penicillin This antibiotic belongs to a group of antibiotics that are obtained from Penicillium…
Q: For each of the following antibiotics, identify its mechanism of action. Antibiotic Mechanism of…
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that are effective against microorganisms.
Q: why doesn’t penicillin act against any eukaryotic pathogens.
A: Based on structure and function, there are two types of cells: Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic…
Compare and contrast the actions of amoxicillin, azoles, macrolides, and polymyxin.
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
- Many antibiotics used in modern medicine are compounds made by fungi that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Describe the specific effect of the following antimicrobial drugs: (i) Chloramphenicol (ii) RifamycinFor each of the following antibiotics, identify its mechanism of action. Antibiotic Mechanism of Action Erythromycin Aminoglycosides Linezolid Sulfonamides Penicillins Vancomycin Polymyxins Rifampin QuinolonesCompare and contrast the mode of action of tetanus and botulinum toxins.
- Define the following terms: Bactericidal Bacteriostatic Antisepsis65. The effectiveness of metronidazole, useful in treating active amebic infection, is dependent on which of the following? CA) Activation of the drug by inflammatory mediators OB) Anaerobic reduction of the drug to its active form by the parasite C) Presence of a parasite-specific DNA topoisomerase CD) Selective depletion of intracellular folate storesWhy is host toxicity a common problem withantiviral and antifungal drugs? Identify the targets thatallow for selective toxicity of antifungal agents.
- Why do penicillins and cephalosporins have a higher therapeutic index than most other antibiotics?Box lists options: Thioredoxin is: oxidized, reduced activity causes the: inhibition, activation enzymes by: forming, eliminating there is: reduced, oxidized Benson cycle is: more, lessWhat makes bacterial diseases such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens & Clostridium tetani very effective to cause infection in a human host?
- (b) List TWO (2) types of common food hazards. Describe the properties of bacteria endotoxin based on the following component; (i) (ii) (iii) Stability Antigenicity ToxicityConsidering having the same targets, Which of the following inhibitors are correctly grouped? A. Amytal, antimycin A, oligomycin B. Cyanide, amytal, rotenon C. Oligomycin, antimycin A, piericidine D. Carbon monoxide, azide cyanideDefine 43-kDa connexin