Chromosomal rearrangements can be caused crossing over between repetitive (duplicated) DNA segments in a process called non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR). Match the recombination event with the NAHR indicated in the picture. 2 3 O A Translocation O B. Iversion OC Deletion O D. Deletion and duplication

A chromosome initially has the following segments:A B • C D E F G Draw the chromosome, identifying its segments, that would result from the following mutations. Q. Paracentric inversion that includes DEFG

1. Which changes in chromosome structure cause a change in the total amount of genetic material, and which do not? 2. How does a chromosomal duplication occur? 3. An inversion heterozygote has the following inverted chromosome: B What would be the products if a crossover occurred between the genes F and E on the inverted chromosome and the normal chromosome? 4. An individual has the following reciprocal translocation: с D Centromere A B JI HGF ED CKLM Inverted region с D What would be the outcome of alternate segregation, adjacent -1 segregation and adjacent-2 segregation? 5. Two phenotypically unaffected parents produce two children with familial Down syndrome. Regarding chromosome 14 and 21, what are the chromosomal composition of the parents? 6. Explain how aneuploidy, deletions and duplications cause genetic imbalances. 7. Why do you think that deletions and monosomies are more detrimental than duplications and trisomies? 8. Describe some of the advantages of polyploid plants. 9.…

A chromosome initially has the following segments:A B • C D E F G Draw the chromosome, identifying its segments, that would result from the following mutations. Q.Deletion of FG