Check the patellar reflex of a classmate by using a reflex hammer to strike their patellar ligament while the knee is flexed. Which muscles contracted when the patellar reflex was tested? What nerve is involved in the afferent and efferent actions?  How does muscle fatigue influence your observations?

Q: assume that the force generated by 2 different arms was exactly the same. if the EMG for arm 1 was…

A: EMG stands for electromyography which is a procedure for measurement of the electrical response of…

Q: Draw a muscle spindle surrounded by a few extrafusal fibers. Indicate the location of primary and…

A: Muscle is contractile tissue clustered together to achieve greater productivity in organized…

Q: Stretch reflexes occur in many of the muscles of the body. Using table 10.16, determine which…

A: A stretch reflex is a muscle contraction in response to stretching within the muscles. The reflex…

Q: Give 3 examples of Antagonistic muscles and 3 examples of Synergistic muscles. Explain/describe the…

A: The moveable end of the muscle that attaches to the bone being pulled is called the muscle’s…

Q: What % or fraction of muscle fibers do we use at any given moment!

A: When a person exercises systems like- The cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscular systems all work…

Q: Check this reflex by gently dorsiflexing a classmate’s foot then using a reflex hammer to strike the…

A: Achilles tendon is the largest tendon of the body. It expanses from the bone of the heel to the calf…

Q: Describe the general anatomical design of a muscle spindle and discuss its physiological function.

A: Muscle spindles are a special type of sensory receptors (proprioceptors) present inside the muscle…

Q: Exaggeration of tendon jerks could result from any of the following conditions, except :-a- lesions…

A: A reflex action known as tendon reflex is produced if the tendon located below the knee is tapped.…

Q: Briefly explain the muscle system why is it important and what do you find interesting?

A: The muscular system is a group of organs that includes skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. It…

Q: out of 1 Identify the correct sequence of numbers from the diagram above that response: receptor…

A: A reflex, often known as a simple reflex arc, is a neural network that controls a reflex. In…

Q: Discuss Conceptual Motor Control Hierarchy for Voluntary Movements?

A: The motor control hierarchy for voluntary movements states that the central nervous system is…

Q: γ-motor neurons control muscle tone by :-a- adjusting the supraspinal facilitatory dischargeb-…

A: Muscle tone refers to the maintenance of partial contraction which important for maintaining posture…

Q: Myasthenia Gravis: flaccid paralysis Explain the physiologic basis of flaccid paralysis in…

A: Myasthenia gravis a chronic autoimmune disease in which weakness of the skeletal muscles of the body…

Q: Explain how it makes sense physiologically that the last fibers to be recruited to contract are the…

A: Fatigue is a term used to describe an overall feeling of tiredness or lack of energy. It isn’t the…

Q: Muscle spindles are the sensory receptors that monitor the length of skeletal muscles. When the…

A: The muscles are involved in movements happening in an organism. These movements can be voluntary or…

Q: What is a synaptic knob?a. receptor for neurotransmitter in the neuromuscularjunctionb. membrane sac…

A: membrane sac holding the neurotransmitter

Q: Tendon- organ Quadriceps (extensors) + Excitatory synapse - Inhibitory synapse Hamstrings (flexors)…

A: LabellingAfferent sensory fiberInterneurons ( excitatory & inhibitory)Efferent motor fiber

Q: Describe the importance of Ca++ and the difference between the sodium channels in the specialized…

A: Introduction: The brief sequence of events in the membrane potential following excitation is…

Q: Which of the following muscle nerve pairings in incorrect? Gluteus minimus - Superior gluteal nerve…

A: Every muscle is innervated by different types of nerves so that they may give instructions for the…

Q: 33. Acetylcholine (Ach) is the neurotransmitter at the neuro-muscular junction. The motor neuron…

A: Motor neurons unharness neurotransmitter (ACh), a small molecule neurochemical, that diffuses across…

Q: Describe the differences in action between bilateral andunilateral contraction of the splenius…

A: The splenius capitis is a broad, straplike muscle in the posterior of the neck ,  plucks on the root…

Q: 41- Gamma motor neurons: a- Causes contraction of the equatorial region of an intrafusal fiber b-…

A: The mechanism of gamma motor neurons helps in regulating muscle length and tone.

Q: Patellar Reflex 4. Check the patellar reflex of a classmate by using a reflex hammer to strike their…

A: Patellar reflex is a sudden involuntary extension of the leg in which the anterior muscles of the…

Q: What is the function of the somatic nervou system? Stimulate smooth muscle. Stimulate glands.…

A: The nervous system is the main system that helps to regulate several functions in the body. They…

Q: Explain why the ratio of motor neurons to skeletal muscle fibers is greater in muscles that control…

A: A motor neuron is a neuron whose cell body is situated in the motor cortex, brainstem or the spinal…

Q: How is the prolonged refractory period generated incardiac muscle? What is the advantage of a…

A: The absolute refractory period is a kind of duration of time that occurs after the starting of the…

Q: Explain why the ratio of motor neurons to muscle fibers isgreater in muscles that control eye…

A: The muscle system is responsible for several functions such as maintaining body posture, locomotion,…

Q: explain reciprocal inhibition, using the patellar tendon stetch relfex as an example

A: Reciprocal inhibition describes the relaxation of muscles on one side of a joint to accommodate…

Q: What kind of muscle is stimulated by the somatic (motor)?

A: According to guidelines we have to answer the first question only. so please kindly post the…

Q: What do you mean by innervation of smooth muscles?

A: Smooth muscles are present all over the body. They are involuntary in functions and are non-striated…

Q: a) Describe the processes involved in the knee-jerk reflex and explain why it is called a…

A: A reflex, also known as a reflex action, is an immediate, involuntary reaction to a stimuli in…

Q: The corticospinal pathway is involved in: Activating skeletal muscle Activating smooth muscle…

A: The corticospinal pathway is the motor pathway that transmits efferent (motor) information from the…

Q: What does the term motor unit recruitment mean? Are you right-handed, left-handed, or ambidextrous?…

A: Cardiac muscle cells are located in the walls of the heart, appear striated, and are under…

Q: The ocular muscle has a very fast response time compared to the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.…

A: The gastrocnemius muscles are the calf muscles that can be easily visualized as the bulging part of…

Q: What muscle functions would be impaired if you accidentallypierced or injured the sciatic nerve?

A: A nerve plexus is a branching network of intersecting nerves. It is composed of afferent and…

Q: Neuromuscular Junction: -Activation of nicotinic ACh receptors in the motor end plate results in…

A: The junction between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber by which the nerve can communicate with…

Q: What system will reset the membrane potential after an action potential has moved along the…

A: voltage-gated Ca2+ channels will reset the membrane potential after an action potential has moved…

Q: What ion is needed to release neurotransmitters from thesynaptic vesicle? What neurotransmitter is…

A: Introduction:   Synaptic vesicles are small membrane sacs that transport neurotransmitters from the…

Q: How do muscle spindles differ from Golgi tendon organs?

A: Muscle spindles are tiny, spindle-shaped sensory receptors that extend parallel to the main muscle…