
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere traps heat from the sun and makes life on Earth possible. Why then should we be concerned about adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere if it is a natural occurrence and beneficial to life on Earth?
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- Explain the chemistry behind ocean acidification. You should include the formation of carbonic acid from carbon dioxide, how this reacts with carbonate ions, and how continued CO2 emission will impact ocean pH.arrow_forwardWhat is the mole’s role, and importance in the application of chemical reactions in society, industry, and the environment?arrow_forwardIn a hydrogen molecule, the two hydrogen atoms are held together by a single bond with a bond energy of 436 kJ/mol of hydrogen. In other words, to break the H-H bonds in one mole of molecular hydrogen requires the expenditure of 436 kJ of energy. Using the balanced chemical equation for the formation of water from oxygen and hydrogen (shown above), and interpreting the stoichiometric coefficients as mole amounts, how much energy must be expended in breaking the H-H bonds? kJarrow_forward
- Why is carbon monoxide a dangerous air pollutant? How does it affect human health at low levels and at high levels?arrow_forwardWhile the majority component of air is nitrogen (N2), the gas is very unreactive because of its stability due to the triple bonds that hold the nitrogen atoms together. Nitrogen gas is, therefore, relatively unavailable for chemical reactions. One of the few ways to “fix” nitrogen, making a nitrogen compound from the elemental nitrogen in the atmosphere, is the Haber process (aka Haber-Bosch process). In this reaction, nitrogen gas combines with hydrogen gas to yield ammonia. The enthalpy (ΔH) of this reaction is 92.22 kJ. This process was discovered by the German chemist Fritz Haber in the early twentieth century. Through extensive experimentation, Haber found the conditions that would produce adequate yields (at a temperature of about 500 oC and a pressure of about 200 atm). This process holds a significant importance today because of its application in the industrial production of ammonia-based fertilizer. In 1918, Haber received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work.…arrow_forwardMolecules in the upper atmosphere tend to contain double and triple bonds rather than single bonds. Suggest an explanation.arrow_forward
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