
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134746241
Author: Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher: PEARSON
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Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Earth's Energy Budget
In this section, we will analyze a key figure to understand Earth's current energy budget, as presented in Lecture 3.2. This figure will help in understanding the balance of incoming and outgoing energy on Earth.
#### Key Figure Breakdown
The figure illustrates the flow of energy in and out of Earth’s system, measured in Watts per square meter (Wm<sup>-2</sup>). Several components, including solar and thermal energies, are mapped out to show how energy is absorbed, reflected, and emitted by the Earth's atmosphere and surface.
#### Main Components
1. **Incoming Solar Radiation (TOA)**:
- **Value**: 340 Wm<sup>-2</sup>
- Explanation: This represents the solar energy arriving at the top of the atmosphere.
2. **Solar Energy Reflected (TOA)**:
- **Value**: 100 Wm<sup>-2</sup>
- Explanation: This is the portion of solar energy reflected back into space by clouds and atmospheric particles.
3. **Thermal Outgoing Energy (TOA)**:
- **Value**: 239 Wm<sup>-2</sup>
- Explanation: This represents the thermal radiation emitted by Earth back to space.
4. **Solar Absorption by the Atmosphere**:
- **Value**: 79 Wm<sup>-2</sup>
- Explanation: Energy absorbed by atmospheric gases and particles.
5. **Solar Energy Down to the Surface**:
- **Value**: 185 Wm<sup>-2</sup>
- Explanation: The solar energy that reaches Earth's surface.
6. **Solar Absorption by the Surface**:
- **Value**: 161 Wm<sup>-2</sup>
- Explanation: Solar energy absorbed by Earth's land and ocean surfaces.
7. **Solar Reflected by Surface**:
- **Value**: 24 Wm<sup>-2</sup>
- Explanation: Energy reflected by Earth’s surface back into the atmosphere.
8. **Evaporation**:
- **Value**: Not provided directly
- Explanation: The process by which liquid water from Earth's surface is transformed into water vapor and transferred to the atmosphere.
9. **Latent Heat**:
- **Value**: 84 Wm<sup>-2</sup>
- Explanation: Heat released or absorbed during
![**Calculate the planetary albedo** (round to three digits after the decimal, for example, 0.873).
[Input Box]](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/1e470823-7f47-4b76-8ea2-0a18c619baf2/ec2b9f4b-d036-40b6-9438-92554dbad1e3/tgz2wd2_thumbnail.jpeg)
Transcribed Image Text:**Calculate the planetary albedo** (round to three digits after the decimal, for example, 0.873).
[Input Box]
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