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![(c)
Describe how auditory sensory information is converted to an electrical signal in the
[9]
ear.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc8545c89-19c2-4d90-bc33-b5c0e87e8b3c%2Fb4cc2d13-7fb3-4128-b0d0-d1d230084b7e%2Fbkc0mf_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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Solved in 2 steps
- (a) choose one part of the auditory conductive mechanism--the outer ear or middle ear--and describe how sound is transduced (changed from acoustic energy to mechanical energy) through that part of the auditory system, and (b) comment on how the anatomy of that part of the ear enables normal auditory conductive physiology.a) choose one part of the auditory sensorineural mechanism--the inner ear or retrocochlear auditory pathway--and describe how sound is transduced through that part of the auditory system, and (b) comment on how the anatomy of that part of the ear enables normal auditory sensorineural physiology.Explain how the human voice is produced. Describe briefly how each of the three main components of the ear is suited to its main functions. Explain briefly (i) the differences between the two main theories of the perception of pitch. [3] (ii) why two different theories are required.
- (b) Hearing works when a process is going to the nervous system and brain. Relate the hearing system with the nervous system.(a) What is the precise location of the olfactory epithelium?(b) Trace the pathway of olfactory stimuli from the olfactory epithelium to the cerebral cortex.Which of the following statements concerning the inner ear is TRUE? Question 3 options: a) The bony labyrinth within the tempoal bone contains spaces for the semicircular canals and the cochlea. b) The fibers of the cochlear nerve are attached to hair cells in the semicircular canals to carry information about movements of the head. c) The frequency of sound waves as defined by their wavelengths are perceived as pitch and are measured in decibels (dB). d) The saccule and utricle are critical sensory receptors for interpreting language, distinct from other sounds.
- (a) Choose an auditory disorder, and indicate where the pathology lies (outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, retrocochlear pathway). (b) Describe this disorder--what are the symptoms, other problems associated with the disorder. (c) Describe a possible treatment of this disorder.Regarding auditory physiology, what is the mechanism that generates an action potential and release of neurotransmitter substance? a) pressure waves on cells in the vestibular membrane b) movement of the membrane covering the round window c) movement of the hair cells of the coil member towards the tectorial membrane d) movement of cells in the basement membrane towards the cochleaDescribe the location of the auditory nerve receptors andtrace the connection to the brain.
- (b) Provide typical audiograms for people with sensorineural and conductive hearing impairment which illustrate these differences.Concept Map: The Pathway of Sound through the Ear Complete the Concept Map to describe the sound conduction pathway to the fluids of the inner ear. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. ►View Available Hint(s) outer ear tympanic membrane pinna and ear canal auditory ossicles describe(s) a region of the ear that include(s) the describe(s) a region of the ear that include(s) the describe(s) a region of the ear that include(s) the describe(s) a region of the ear that include(s) the oval window describe(s) a region of the ear that include(s) the auditory neural impulses inner ear middle ear direct(s) sound waves in the air directly to the convert(s) sound waves into local vibrations and transmit(s) them to the transmit(s) vibrations to the inner ear at the change(s) the pressure of the fluid in the spiral-shaped contain(s) hair cells that convert mechanical energy into Reset Help cochlea (housing spiral organ)a.Describe the pathway of nerve impulses from the ear to the brain. b.Describe the role the ear plays in equilibrium (balance). c.Describe one disorder pertaining to the ear.