energy used during the chemiosmotic synthesis of ATP in both mitochondria and chloroplasts es directly from e hydrolysis of ATP. e fermentation of pyruvate to ethanol and carbon dioxide. gradient of protons (H* ions). e generation of carbon dioxide during the citric acid cycle. e reduction of oxygen to water.

0000 HAD NAD HADHE NAD FADH Oco,- NADH FAD ATP ADP + P Identify the importance of the Kreb Cycle to the running of the Electron Transport Chain The ATP made in the Krebs Cycle is used by the Electron Transport Chain The CO, made in the Krebs Cycle is used by the Electron Transport Chain The Krebs Cycle produces NADH and FADH2 which are used to by the electron transport chain. The Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain do not depend upon one another and run independently. Subm

n the brain and muscles, in order for cytoplasmic NADH to insert its electrons int the electron transport chain (ETC), it first has to pass its electrons to (i.e. reduce) what molecule?   1. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate   2. Glutathione   3 ATP Synthase   4 Dinitrophenol (DNP)

Describe with a summary picture the aerobic respiration from glucose (CHO) all the way to Co2 and water. Highlight, with yellow the flow of H (and then electrons and protons) and in red the ATP   Include:  inner membrane, outer membrane, matrix, intermembrane space   glycolisis, Krebs cycle (citirc acid), e.t.c. (oxidative phosphorilation) ATP synthase, NADH dehydrogenase complex, cyt b-c1complex, cyt oxidase complex, ubiquinone, cytochrome-c glucose, pyruvate, acetyl-Co-A, H2O, O2, CO2, NADH, NAD+, FADH2, e-, H+, ATP, ADP +Pi direction of the arrows, inner membrane potential, gradient of protons, inner membrane transporters, outer membrane porins

Complexes I and II each transfer electrons to shuttle Omatrix O respiration O copper heme Otunnel O plasma membrane O coenzyme Q cytosol antioxidant wire Oproton pump

Draw the pathway for the conversion of Propionyl CoA to Succinyl CoA as it occurs in thematrix of the mitochondria. Show the structures and names of all reactants and products, as well asthe names of the enzymes. You do not need to draw the structures of ATP, NAD+, CoA, etc., but doshow them as reactants or products in the appropriate places. You do not need to show themechanisms of the enzymes. Draw the pathway for the conversion of Succinyl CoA into 4 CO2. Show the structures andnames of all reactants and products, as well as the names of the enzymes. You do not need to drawthe structures of ATP, NAD+, CoA, etc., but do show them as reactants or products in the appropriateplaces. You do not need to show the mechanisms of the enzymes.   How many ATPs would be generated by the complete oxidation of Propionyl CoA into 3 CO2using any of the required enzymes of -oxidation, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis,the citric acid cycle andoxidative phosphorylation?

Which of the following is incorrect about the citric acid cycle? O a. It is activated by ADP O b. It is activated by NADH O c. It is regulated Od. None; all the other choices are correct

If the mitochondria is not working well in a person, what would be the consequences of NADH not going through its pathway in the electron transport chain? Be specific.  please Explain how many ATP will then be produced if you consider the entire process of cellular respiration.  please dont t just write a number, say how you got that number.

The electron transport chain of mitochondria: O makes ATP. contains cytochromes and proteins containing flavins (FAD). O generates an H* gradient such that the outside of the mitochondrion is more basic than the inside. O is present in the outer membrane of the mitochondrion. O reduces NAD*.

The maximal recovery of energy from oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O requires the coordination of the glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, the electron transport chain and the ATP synthase. During these processes each molecule of glucose generates: 6 molecules of NADH and 1 molecules of FADH2. 10 molecules of NAD* and2 molecules of FADH2. 10 molecules of NADH and 2 molecules of FAD. 10 molecules of NADH and 2 molecules of FADH2. 10 molecules of NAD* and 1 molecules of FADH2.