Butterflies show 3 phenotypes due to incomplete dominance at the D locus with alleles DY and DB giving green phenotype in heterozygotes and yellow and blue in homozygotes. A population of butterflies showed 49% yellow, and 51% blue and green. If the butterflies were subject to predation by birds that could easily detect blue & yellow individuals what effect would you expect this to have on the genotype and allele frequencies over time? Indicate possible percentages.

Butterflies show 3 phenotypes due to incomplete dominance at the D locus with alleles DY and DB giving green phenotype in heterozygotes and yellow and blue in homozygote.  If the butterflies were subject to predation by birds that could easily detect blue & yellow individuals what effect would you expect this to have on the genotype and allele frequencies over time? Indicate possible percentages.

You observe some bark beetles with different feeding behaviors. You find that the behavioral phenotypes you observed are closely associated with the following genotypes.   genotype phenotype number observed BB feeds under bark 60 Bb feeds on top of bark 24 bb feeds on leaves 16     a) What are the allele frequencies and the expected number (out of 100 beetles) of genotypes? b) Calculate the Chi-Squared value (c2). Then look up the p-value only using this Chi-squared calculator: https://www.mathsisfun.com/data//chi-square-calculator.html    Clear all the values in the box at upper right, enter the Chi Square value that you obtain FROM YOUR CALCULATIONS in the Chi-Square box, and enter 1 for the degrees of freedom. Is the population in H-W equilibrium?   c) If you answered “No” to b): Provide at least three biologically valid reasons why the observed beetle population may not be in equilibrium.   If you answered “Yes” to b): Why do you think this…

Among a particular population of 100 plants, red flowers are dominant and yellow flowers are recessive. F is the dominant allele and f is the recessive allele. 40 plants are homozygous dominant • 44 plants are heterozygous 16 plants are homozygous recessive Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to calculate the equilibrium frequencies of each genotype