Briefly describe the polygenic threshold theory.

In a monogenic genotype, the frequency of a homozygous wild type trait is 64%. What is the frequency of a homozygous mutant genotype? Show your work.

f1)Which of the following best describes polygenic traits?     A single trait is affected by multiple traits.. Multiple traits are affected by a single gene. Two or more genes influence some traits. A single offspring expresses all traits.

Behavioral geneticists attempted the controversial goal of rooting complex social and behavioral traits like intelligence, educational attainment, or even sexual preference to genetic differences between individuals. In pursuit of these goals, linkage studies and GWAS eventually identified hundreds of genetic variants associated with such behavioral traits. Describe the methods used in large-scale studies on same-sex sexual behavior. Summarize results of such studies. What is your reaction to such findings? Are you convinced that there are indeed gay genes?

LO19 Analyze a cross and identify non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance in non-allelic genes (normal interaction vs epistasis) Hair color is determined in Labrador retrievers by alleles at the B and E loci. A dominant allele B encodes black pigment, whereas a recessive allele b encodes brown pigment. Alleles at a second locus affect the deposition of the pigment in the shaft of the hair; dominant allele E allows dark pigment (black or brown) to be deposited, whereas recessive allele e prevents the deposition of dark pigment, causing the hair to be yellow. What type of gene interaction does this represent? duplicate recessive epistasis normal non-allelic gene interaction Orecessive epistasis Odominant epistasis normal allelic gene interaction

Please help with the following: How does penetrance differ from expressivity in genetics? A. Penetrance is the percentage of individuals with a specific genotype that exhibit the expected phenotype while expressivity is the degree to which a phenotypic character is expressed. B. Penetrance is the degree of lethality of a specific genotype while expressivity is how frequently that genotype is seen in the population. C. Penetrance is the presence of more than two alleles at a locus within a group of individuals while expressivity is the influence of sex on which alleles express themselves. D. None of the above. E. Penetrance refers to the paternal effects of a gene while expressivity refers to the maternal effects of a gene.

Phenotypes associated with polygenic traits:   Question 24 options:   Result from contributions of multiple genes.   are usually dominant and recessive.   always result in threshold traits.   Can always be easily categorized.   Can be studied in individual patients.

Explain how you would go about determining therelative importance of genes and the environment forvariation in risk for a complex trait such as type 2 diabetes.

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