Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Atoms and Molecules
An atom is the smallest unit of an element that possesses all the properties of that particular element. Molecules are the smallest unit of a substance that possess all the properties of that particular substance.
Question

Draw the product and complete mechanism for the following reaction including initiation, propagation and 1 example of termination.

 

 

### Alkane Halogenation Reaction **Chemical Reaction:** The image depicts the halogenation of a methylcyclopentane using bromine (\( \text{Br}_2 \)) under light conditions (photochemical reaction). 1. **Reactant:** Methylcyclopentane - Structure: A cyclopentane ring (five-membered carbon ring) with a single methyl group (\( \text{CH}_3 \)) attached. 2. **Reaction Conditions:** - Reagent: \(\text{Br}_2\) (Bromine) - Catalyst: Light (often UV light is used to initiate the reaction) **Process Explanation:** - The presence of light initiates the homolytic cleavage of the bromine (\(\text{Br}_2\)) bond, generating bromine radicals. - These bromine radicals abstract hydrogen atoms from the methyl group, leading to the formation of alkyl radicals. - The alkyl radical then reacts with another bromine molecule to form bromomethylcyclopentane, a substitution product where hydrogen is replaced by bromine. **Purpose in Education:** This reaction is an example of free radical halogenation, often discussed in organic chemistry to illustrate mechanisms involving free radicals and the role of light in promoting chemical reactivity.
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Transcribed Image Text:### Alkane Halogenation Reaction **Chemical Reaction:** The image depicts the halogenation of a methylcyclopentane using bromine (\( \text{Br}_2 \)) under light conditions (photochemical reaction). 1. **Reactant:** Methylcyclopentane - Structure: A cyclopentane ring (five-membered carbon ring) with a single methyl group (\( \text{CH}_3 \)) attached. 2. **Reaction Conditions:** - Reagent: \(\text{Br}_2\) (Bromine) - Catalyst: Light (often UV light is used to initiate the reaction) **Process Explanation:** - The presence of light initiates the homolytic cleavage of the bromine (\(\text{Br}_2\)) bond, generating bromine radicals. - These bromine radicals abstract hydrogen atoms from the methyl group, leading to the formation of alkyl radicals. - The alkyl radical then reacts with another bromine molecule to form bromomethylcyclopentane, a substitution product where hydrogen is replaced by bromine. **Purpose in Education:** This reaction is an example of free radical halogenation, often discussed in organic chemistry to illustrate mechanisms involving free radicals and the role of light in promoting chemical reactivity.
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