A study by the CDC reported that only 73% of children in some areas of the United States are being adequately vaccinated. Several million children are at high risk for infections. a. Name some factors that account for this trend. b. Explain how the reduction in vaccination impacts herd immunity.

Q: Concerning the adaptive immunity, which of the following statements is CORRECT:  a. The adaptive…

A: The adaptive immune response does not occur very rapidly. Unlike the innate immune response, which…

Q: Active vs Passive vaccination, which is false: A. Passive vaccination: involves infusion of another…

A: Passive vaccination or passive immunization is referred to the administration of antibodies to an…

Q: Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. In clonal selection of B cells, which…

A: B cell expresses receptors ,that are specific to distinct antigen,  is determined before…

Q: Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a. activation of memory cells: secondary immune…

A: Explanation given for the mismatch pair.

Q: Which of the following statements is most correct regarding SCIDs?a. They are the least severe form…

A: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a genetic immunodeficiency illness that renders the…

Q: Immunopathology is the study of disease states or immune dysfunctions, which are divided into two…

A: Immunopathology is a discipline of medicine that studies disease-related immunological responses. It…

Q: Ibuprofen dampens the immune system’s inflammation response.What might be a short-term consequence…

A: Ibuprofen is a type of NSAID, which is used for treating inflammation, fever, pain... It basically…

Q: Once Tfh cells have been activated against vaccine delivered intramuscularly which Constant (C)…

A: There are five classes of immunoglobulin or antibodies. All these antibodies have variable and…

Q: The graph in Figure 3 represents the information complied over a 10-year period showing the…

A: HIV destroys CD4 cells by using their replication machinery to create new copies of the virus. This…

Q: Which of the following is not a function of antibodies? Select one: a. They neutralize pathogens by…

A: Introduction: The proteins that are produced in response to an antigen are called antibodies. It is…

Q: Which structure is not functioning properly if an electrical device is needed to stimulate the atria…

A: The heart has an electrical conduction system that consists of a highly constricted and controlled…

Q: Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect.  A vaccine is effective because  a. The…

A: Vaccine contain weak or inactive parts of particular antigen that triggers an immune response…

Q: Which is/are not part of adaptive immunity?a. phagocytic cells e. antigen receptorsb.…

A: Adaptive immunity is a type of immunity that an organism gets after it has been exposed to an…

Q: When immunity is developed in another individual is transferred to an individual who was not…

A: The body's ability to identify pathogens (antigens),to eliminate dangerous pathogens to prevent them…

Q: If you wanted to cure allergies by bioengineering an antibody that would bind and disable the…

A: Antibodies are soluble glycoproteins composed of 4 polypeptide chains of identical light chain and…

Q: The adaptive (specific) defense system: a. is the body's first line of defense against invading…

A: The two parts of the immune system are innate and the adaptive(acquired) immune system.

Q: For question with blanks, choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the…

A: The immune framework is an organization of natural cycles that shields a living being from…

Q: Which of the following best represents a second line of defense: a. Both A and C b. Fever c.…

A: Defense is the first line of attack against germs and antigens. There are three lines of defense:…

Q: Which of these statements about gamma interferon is false? a. It is a polypeptide autocrine…

A: The interferon gamma is a dimerized soluble cytokine that is the only member of type II class of…

Q: Sponges display nonspecific immunity. In an experiment, the cells of two different sponges were…

A: Immunology is the branch of science that deals with the study of the immune system, its mechanisms,…

Q: A researcher discovers that a breed of rabbits have antibodies that can neutralize HIV. The…

A: Antigens are the molecular structure, present on the surface on pathogen. Generally, it is protein…

Q: Which of the following does not occur during a secondary immuneresponse?a. Antibodies are made…

A: Secondary Immune Response: Secondary Immune Response is one of the important features in which the…

Q: Receptors that trigger innate immune responses a. are antibodies recognizing specific antigens.…

A: The first line of defense against invading pathogens is the innate immune response. They are also…

Q: Unlike inflammation, fever is a(n). immune response. A. cellular B. localized C. adaptive D.…

A: Immune system contains a group of antibodies, phagocytes and other barriers which protect the body…

Q: Biologists can develop antibodies against nerve growth factor (i.e., molecules that inactivate nerve…

A: The brain is a dynamic structure that undergoes structural modifications throughout the life of an…

Q: A good example of molecular mimicry is a. Decreased number of regulatory T cells in aging. b. The…

A: Molecular mimicry, also known as "molecular similarity," is a key principle in immunology and…

Q: Studies have shown that many parents’ minds can be changed in response to information delivered by…

A: The aggregation of different sectors to provides goods and services for the well-being of the…

Q: A study by the CDC reported that less than 80% of children in someareas of the United States are…

A: Vaccines are biological preparations that help to provide an active acquired immunity by inducing an…

Q: Select all of the following statetments that apply to immunological memory:   A. A small…

A: Immunological memory refers to the immune system's capacity to react to infections more quickly and…

Q: Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used by the immune system to fight multicellular…

A: Immunology is a section of biology that studies molecules, cells, and organs that build up the…

Q: Explain the following concept in human physiology and cite clinical instances, where applicable A.…

A: An immune response is a reaction that occurs within an organism for the purpose of defending against…

Q: What are the roles of the innate immune system? Select all that apply.   A. identity self vs.…

A: Pathogens are disease-causing organisms that can cause humans to become ill or die depending on the…

Q: For several vaccines. memory cells are formed ---. during a primary response during a secondary…

A: "Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: Which of the following statements is true regarding herd immunity:   a. herd immunity is achieved…

A: A complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work collectively to protect the body and fight…

Q: What is an allergy?

A: Allergy can be medical condition in which immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance…

Q: All of the following are true in reference to T- cell priming except a. it occurs in primary…

A: The immune system of the human body consists of white blood cells, antibodies, spleen, thymus, and…

Q: Which of the following is not a function of antibodies? Select one: a. They neutralize pathogens by…

A: The immune system uses antibodies, often referred to as immunoglobulins, to recognize and destroy…

Q: Molecular mimicry is when ____ on host cells resemble _____ on pathogens causing host to mount an…

A: Microorganisms have evolved novel survival methods to flourish in their hosts during the process of…

Q: You have acquired a vial of immature B cells and would like to use them to generate and harvest…

A: T-independent (TI) antigens constitute a category of antigens capable of activating B cells…

Q: Identify the example that is ONLY true of the vertebrate innate immune system.

A: Innate immune system It is the immunity that is present in the body since birth. It aids in…

Q: A 41-year-old man has a penetrating injury to his right eye. A month later he has worsening vision…

A: Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a bilateral diffuse granulomatous intraocular inflammation that…

Q: Based on the experience of the Philippines with the dengue vaccine, what can you conclude regarding…

A: A vaccine is a biologically prepared substance injected into the body to create an acquired immunity…

Q: Vaccines should be tested for long period of time before allowing any individual to take the…

A: Dengue is a mosquito born viral disease. Dengue vaccine in Philippines was launched as a mass…

Health Epidemiology

Health is an essential factor for all human beings. For all humans, health is a critical factor. An individual's ability to meet life's challenges and retain his or her capacity for optimal functioning is reflected in his or her condition of health. This needs the physical, mental, and biological parts of one's constitution to maintain a degree of functioning that has a favorable influence and support for one another.