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- The triceps muscle at the back of her upper arm has an effective lever arm of 1.75 cm, and she exerts force on the floor at a horizontal distance of 20.0 cm from the elbow joint. Calculate the magnitude of the force in each triceps muscle, and compare it to her weight.The figure below shows the anatomical structures in the lower leg and foot that are involved in standing on tiptoe, with the heel raised slightly off the floor so that the foot effectively contacts the floor only at point P. Assume distance a = 6.5 cm, distance b = 19.5 cm, and the person's weight W = 636 N. Calf muscle Lower leg bones °B Tranfe (a) Of the forces acting on the foot, what is the magnitude of the force at point A from the calf muscle? N (b) Of the forces acting on the foot, what is the direction of the force at point A from the calf muscle? O up O down (c) Of the forces acting on the foot, what is the magnitude of the force at point B from the lower leg bones? NThe plank is a great way to strengthen abdominal, back, and shoulder muscles. You can also use this exercise position to locate your center of gravity. Holding plank position with a scale under his toes and another under his forearms, one athlete measured that 66.0% of his weight was supported by his forearms and 34.0% by his toes. (That is, the total normal forces on his forearms and toes were 0.660w and 0.340w, respectively, where w is the athlete’s weight.) He is 1.80 m tall, and in plank position the distance from his toes to the middle of his forearms is 1.53 m. How far from his toes is his center of gravity?
- The patellar tendon attaches to the tibia at the tibial tuberosity at a perpendicular distance of 4.91 cm from the center of the knee joint. During an isometric contraction, the lower leg is held at an angle of 35° of knee extension with a 400 N weight strapped to the ankle. The weight is 52 cm from the knee joint center. What is the force produced by the quadriceps to hold this position? Ignore the weight of the leg.A person bending forward to lift a load "with his back" (Figure a) rather than with his knees" can be injured by large forces exerted on the muscles and vertebrae. The spine pivots mainly at the fifth lumbar vertebra, with the principal supporting force provided by the erector spinalis muscle in the back. To see the magnitude of the forces involved, and to understand why back problems are common among humans, consider the model shown in Figure b, of a person bending forward to lift a W-195-N object. The spine and upper body are represented as a uniform horizontal rod of weight W-295 N pivoted at the base of the spine. The erector spinalls muscle, attached at a point two-thirds of the way up the spine, maintains the position of the back. The angle between the spine and this muscle is 12.0° Back muscle Pivot R₂ T120 T W W₂ 0 (a) Find the tension in the back muscle. KN D (b) Find the compressional force in the spine. (Enter the magnitude.) KNIf, when bent over, the hands are at a horizontal distance of 76.0 cm from the sacrum and the back muscles are at a horizontal distance of 44.0 cm from the sacrum and act at a 12.0° angle above the horizontal, what is the component of the force exerted by the back muscle that compresses the spine?
- What are just two key conditions for rigid-body equilibrium?An individual leans forwards to pick up a box of 100 N. The weight of his upper body has a magnitude of 450 N. The back is pivoting around the base of the vertebral column. Consider the back of the individual as a rigid bar that is controlled by a muscle with an angle of 12° (See picture, d = trunk-head distance = 1 m).a) Calculate the magnitude of muscle force required to lift the box.b) Calculate the magnitude of the force at the base of the vertebral column. Hints: For (a) solve the equilibrium of moments, i.e. what force is required in the muscle to balance out the moments acting around the base of the spine.For (b), solve the equilibrium of forces acting on the spine, including the muscle force you’ve just calculated, in x and y separately. There are two extra forces not shown in the diagram: x and y contact forces acting at the base of the spine. These are whatever is needed to keep the total forces acting on the spine = 0 (so the spine isn’t accelerating off in some…Question 15 (2 points) Which of the pictured rigid bodies cannot be in static equilibrium? A В Oc A B
- Assume a person bends forward to lift a load "with his back" as shown in Figure (a). The spine pivots mainly at the fifth lumbar vertebra, with the principal supporting force provided by the erector spinalis muscle in the back. To see the magnitude of the forces involved, consider the model shown in Figure (b) for a person bending forward to lift a W, = 205-N object. The spine and upper body are represented as a uniform horizontal rod of weight W, = 320 N, pivoted at the base of the spine. The erector spinalis muscle, attached at a point two-thirds of the way up the spine, maintains the position of the back. The angle between the spine and this muscle is 0 = 10.5°. Back muscle R, Pivot R W2 a (a) Find the tension T in the back muscle. N (b) Find the compressional force in the spine. (c) Is this method a good way to lift a load? O Yes No Explain your answer, using the results of parts, using the results of parts (a) and (b). This answer has not been graded yet. (d) Can you suggest a…During most of the stance phase of the gait, the knee flexion is less than 20º. What force must the quadriceps muscle apply to maintain this flexion while standing on one leg? The patient's weight is 836N, assuming that the distance from the center of the joint to the line of gravity is 5 cm and the distance perpendicular to the center of the joint towards which the muscle acts is 5 cm, and the muscle acts ( pull) at 60º to the horizontal.8₁ 02 9. The diagram of the leg shows the femur (1) and tibia (2). The quadriceps muscle (3) applies a force to the lower leg via a tendon (4) that is embedded with the kneecap (5). If the force applied by the muscle to the tendon is F 570 N, what is the force of the femur on the kneecap, if the leg is in equilibrium? A simplified model of the leg is shown next to the diagram. The leg bones are represented by two beams attached by a pin. The tendon is modelled by a rope and the kneecap acts like a pulley. The tendon above the kneecap makes an angle 8, = 38° with respect to the vertical, and the portion of the tendon below the kneecap makes an angle of 6₂ = 10° with respect to the vertical. Enter the x component, followed by the y component. Answer 1 of 2: Answer 2 of 2: Submit All Answers