ATP can be generated by two processes: substrate-level phosphorylation (as in the glycolysis), or oxidative phosphorylation (as in aerobic respiration). Compare and contrast these two mechanisms for making ATP in a short paragraph in 6-7 sentences

explain the role adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) and adenosine di phosphate (ADP),  play in producing anaerobic and aerobic energy within the body. Identify how much ATP is produced following anaerobic and aerobic metabolism.

If each NADH generates 3 ATP molecules and each FADH2 generates 2 ATP molecules, calculate the number of ATP molecules generated from one saturated 10-carbon fatty acid. number of ATP molecules: ATP

The hydrolysis of the phosphoester bond of ATP releases a large amount of free energy. True or false?

a.Write the balanced reactions catalyzed by complex I, II, III, and 1V, and using these, write the balanced net reaction for the electron transport chain. Structures are not necessary. b. Write the balanced reaction for the ATP synthase reaction. c. Write the net reaction for Oxidative phosphorylation showing the ATP produced from NADH oxidation and FADH2 oxidation. (this is in your text) d. Write the balanced reaction for ATP production by aerobic metabolism starting with glucose.

What is the net ATP production for the complete degradation of a C20 fatty acid molecule to CO2 and H2O? Show your computation.

Consider the following types of cell and their respective conditions: i. a liver cell with non-functional malate-aspartate shuttle* ii. a skeletal muscle cell lacking oxygen iii. a cell with ATP synthase deficiency* iv. a yeast cell undergoing fermentation but with defective alcohol dehydrogenase (hint: In yeast, alcohol dehydrogenase is responsible for shuttling reducing equivalents of cytosolic NADH to the mitochondria.)* V. a brain cell with non-functional Complex II of the electron transport chain* * Assume that the deficiency is isolated and will not influence the function of other respiration components

ATP is utilized in a variety of reactions in the cell. Research and describe two specific reactions that utilize ATP. One of them must be a process involving transport across membranes. The second must be a process involving metabolism, and utilizing an enzyme (name the enzyme). Explain how ATP is used and why it is needed in the two processes described.

Identify how many ATP are made during the entire process of cellular respiration AND during each of its stages.

Which energy storehouse is utilised in brief anaerobic activity versus ongoing aerobic activity? Explain why each fuel is appropriate for the particular metabolic needs