At one time at least, many Japanese companies had a “no-layoff” policy (for that matter, so did IBM). What are the implications of such a policy for the degree of operating leverage a company faces?
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At one time at least, many Japanese companies had a “no-layoff” policy (for that matter, so did IBM). What are the implications of such a policy for the degree of operating leverage a company faces?
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- The globalization of markets, even for services, has increased the number of competitors and often lowered their cost of sales. The high rate of technological change in many industries has created new sources of value for customers, but not necessarily led to increases in profit for the producers. Still, those companies that have the capability to create and implement strategies that take account of these changes are well rewarded for their efforts. True or False?The complexity posed by differences in the cultural, political, legal, and economic environments creates a so-called “liability of foreignness.” This idea holds that foreign companies, because of their poorer familiarity with local conditions, incur additional costs. In theory, the liability of foreignness makes IB activity too expensive. In practice, companies offset this liability by capitalizing on their unique advantages as well as selecting the mode of international business that best reflects their resource profile and risk tolerance--Always in the effort toward minimizing the intrinsic higher costs of international operations. The higher costs of international operations, executives point out, are driven by things as varied as the cost of legally establishing businesses, real estate costs, customs duties, and translation costs. Managing these costs is complicated by the report that _53_______%___ of global CEOs are concerned about the impact of __bribery and…In its quest for global expansion Lewis Fabrication must examine its rationales for wanting to expand into the foreign marketplace. Which one of the following is not a reason why this company would want to expand globally? * To maximize shareholder wealth To minimize risk of failure for the business To increase the revenues of the company To cut costs of production for the company To reduce risks associated with business cycle fluctuations
- Which of the following is true of accounting for research and development cost? Responses Accounting for research and development costs is same under U.S. GAAP and IFRS. Accounting for research and development costs is same under U.S. GAAP and IFRS. The current accounting for research and development costs under U.S. GAAP avoids the probability of companies to manipulate their earnings. The current accounting for research and development costs under U.S. GAAP avoids the probability of companies to manipulate their earnings. U.S.GAAP adheres to the matching principle by expensing research and development costs. U.S.GAAP adheres to the matching principle by expensing research and development costs. Under U.S. GAAP accounting for research and development costs violates the conservative principle. Under U.S. GAAP accounting for research and development costs violates the conservative principle.Under which of the following conditions could the overuse of financial leverage be detrimental to the firm? Multiple Choice In a stable industry. When there is cyclical demand for the firm's products. During an upswing in the business cycle. When there is low interest cost compared to return on assets.How do think multinational companies will help to eliminate the built-in issue of dependency in the globalization of business?
- As for the outsourcing of multinational companies, please talk about the language and cultural differences, as well as the political risks that complicate the financial management of multinational companies.Which of the following statements is true about expropriation? Multiple Choice Small firms are more likely targets of expropriation than large firms because more is to be gained by expropriating small firms. Expropriation is least likely to occur in non-Western countries that are poor, relatively unstable, and suspicious of foreign multinationals. Expropriation of foreign enterprises by developing countries were rare in the old days Firms at the greatest risk of expropriation are in extractive, agricultural, or infrastructural industries such as utilities and transportation.Which of the following statements about operating leverage is false? a. Operating leverage measures how operating income will be affected by changes in sales b. The degree of operating leverage is higher for companies with lower fixed costs c. Keeping all factors constant, the higher the contribution margin, the higher the operating leverage. d. All of the given answers are true. e. If the degree of operating leverage higher for a company, this means that the company is more risky than another company with low degree of operating leverage.
- Which of the following is an example of managing economic exposure by flexible sourcing policy? An American company sells its products in Brazil and Portugal. Reduced sales in Brazil due to the dollar appreciation against the “real” can be compensated by increased sales in Portugal due to the dollar depreciation against the euro. If yen is strong, it is preferable for a Japanese company to open a manufacturing subsidiary in the U.S. to produce and sell its products there. An American IT company hires software developers in Ukraine because of the weak position of grivna against dollar. A Canadian company spends a lot of money for research & development activities to improve its reputation and gain more customers.Bradley plc operates in the electronics industry. It has found that the prices being charged by its suppliers are increasing in line with inflation in the wider economy. An external consultant has been asked to outline for Bradley plc’s board the types and causes of inflation, and has made the following statementsDemand pull inflation arises from a persistent excess of supply in the economy as a wholeCost push inflation may arise from wage increasesWhat is the validity of the external consultant’s statements?A. Both statements are falseB. Only the first statement is trueC. Only the second statement is trueD. Both statements are trueMany outsourced jobs have resulted in offshoring jobs, rather than using domestic outsourcing. If a U.S. company wants to offshore a service like customer service, for example, what are some of their considerations? In your answer, address offshoring disadvantages as compared with domestic outsourcing.
