ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780190931919
Author: NEWNAN
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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- Consider a production function of three inputs, labor, capital, and materials, given by Q = LKM. The marginal products associated with this production function are as follows: MPL = KM, MPK = LM, and MPM = LK. Let w = 5, r = 1, and m = 2, where m is the price per unit of materials.a) Suppose that the firm is required to produce Q units of output. Show how the cost - minimizing quantity of labor depends on the quantity Q. Show how the cost- minimizing quantity of capital depends on the quantity Q. Show how the cost - minimizing quantity of materials depends on the quantity Q. b) Find the equation of the firms long-run total cost curve.c) Find the equation of the firms long-run average cost curve.d) Suppose that the firm is required to produce Q units of output, but that its capital is fixed at a quantity of 50 units (ie., K 50). Show how the cost- minimizing quantity of labor depends on the quantity Q. Show how the cost- minimizing quantity of materials depends on the quantity Q. e)…arrow_forwardConsider a purely competitive firm that has two variable inputs L (labor hour) and K (machine) for production. The price of product is $p. The production function is Q (K; L) = 4L^1/4 K^1/4 . Assume that the hourly wage of workers is fixed at $w and the price per machine is $r Write out the optimal inputs quantities, L and K, as a function of parameters, p, w, and rarrow_forwardA firm has the production function F(L, K) = L^1/2 + K^1/2The price of labor is $10 and the price of capital is $15. The firm has a production goal of Q = 100 units ofoutput.a) Neatly specify this firm’s cost minimization problem, using the particulars associated with this problem.b) Give two equations that an interior solution satisfies, tailoring your equations to the particulars of thisproblem.c) Solve the two equations for the firm’s optimal choice. Show your work.arrow_forward
- Suppose a firm with a production function given by Q = K0.4L0.6 produces 100 units of output. The firm pays a wage of $20 per units and pays a rental rate of capital of $40 per unit. (Note: MPL = 0.6K0.4L-0.4 and MPK = 0.4K-0.6L0.6 ) What is the minimum cost of producing 100 units of output?arrow_forward1/2 Consider a firm with the production function ƒ(x₁, x₂) = x¹/²x₂. The price of the two inputs is ₁ = 2 and w₂ = 1. If x₁ = x₂ = 16, the marginal product of input 1 is When ₁ is increasing and 2 stays the same, the marginal product of input 1 is Constant Decreasing Increasing This production function has Constant returns to scale Decreasing returns to scale O Increasing returns to scale None of the other answers is correct Does the production function have a diminishing technical rate of substitution? No Yesarrow_forwardSuppose the long-run production function for a competitive firm is f(x1,x2)= min {x1,2x2}. The cost per unit of the first input is w1 and the cost of the second input is w2. .a. Find the cheapest input bundle, i.e. amount of labor and capital, that yields the given output level of y. .b. Draw the conditional input demand functions for labor and capital in the x1-y and x2- y spaces. .c. Write down the formula and draw the graph of the firm’s total cost function as a function of y, using the conditional input demand functions. What is the relationship between the returns to production scale and the behavior of the total costs? .d. Write down the formula and draw the graph of the average cost function, as a function of y. .e. Write down the formula and draw the graph of the marginal cost function, as a function of y.arrow_forward
- Assume that the production function for competitive firm is given by F(L)=9L1/3, where L is the number of units of labour used in the production process. Suppose that the cost per unit of labor is $3 and the price of output is $9 per unit, how many units of labor will the firm hire?arrow_forwardThe production function for a product is given by q= 10K^(1/2)L^(1/2) where K is capital, and L is labor and q is output d) Now suppose w =30 and r = 120. What is the minimum cost of producing q=1000. (You must show your work by clearly writing the equations that you use to derive the cost minimizing levels of L and K.) e) Now suppose that the firm is in the short run and cannot vary the amount of capital. That is, it must use the same amount of capital as in part d). However, the firm wants to produce 1200 units of output. How much labor should it use to minimize its cost and what is the minimum cost of producing q =1200?arrow_forwardSolve this question on paper.arrow_forward
- If a firm has the the production function F(K, L) = min(3K, 4L) What is its contingent demand for labor, Le(w, v, q)? q 4w+3v q (b) 3w+4v (c) 1/31 (d) 1/1 (e) W when w 4v 3arrow_forwardA firm's production function is f(x₁, x₂) = (min{x₁,5x2})¹/². If the price of the first factor is w₁ = 20, then the = 5 and the price of the second factor is w2 supply function is given by y = 9p y = min{5p, 8p} y=p/18 Oy=pmax{w₁, 5w₂}² y = p min{w₁, 5w₂}²arrow_forward
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