Armstrong's modulator is used to generate .............. Waveform

A. Why does the conductivity of a semiconductor and some insulators change with impurity content? Compare this with the behaviour of metallic conductors. B. Discuss the location of the Fermi levels of intrinsic and extrinsic (n-type and p-type) semiconductors in low temperature and high temperature ranges. C. Discuss why the structure of the p-n junction is so important to modern technologies that impact our daily life.

When a p-and n-type semiconductor are joined at an interface their Fermi energies equilibriate. If we extend this thinking and apply it to an interface between a metal and (p-or n-type) semiconductor to make a metal-semiconductor heterojunction, what will the expected outcome be? Use diagrams and words to explain.

A controlled rectifier circuit is generating thewaveform of Figure P4.30 starting from a sinusoidalvoltage of 110 V rms. Find the average and rmsvoltage.