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Oogenesis
The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase.
Cell Division
Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons:
Are P. granules cytoplasmic determinants? Or are they mRNA/proteins that give rise to gametes?
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- What is the chromosome number of this HeLa cell? (Hint: Chromosome number is different from total chromosome count.)What is a sex pilus and which cell type, F- or F+,would produce this structure?Non-disjunction during melosis can lead to several chromosomal disorders. When can non-disjunction occur? Telophase lor Telophase II Cytokinesis )Anaphase I only Anaphase lonly )Anaphase I orAnaphasell
- Anaphase B involves the separation of spindle poles. What forces have been proposed to drive this separation? What underlying molecular mechanisms are thought to provide these forces?During cell cycle there are checkpoints. They best way to define a checkpoint is? a) a location within the cell where proteins are inspected for mutations b) G1, S, G2, prophase metaphase anaphase or telophase c) specific stages where further progress of the cell cycle can be halted d) any step where the cell cycle is blocked by a mutated proteinOverall, meiosis and mitosis are analogous processes involving many of the same proteins. However, some proteins function uniquely in each of these cell-division events. Explain the meiosis-specific function of the following: (a) Ime2, (b) Rec8, (c) monopolin.
- x * X Given the cell shown here, answer the following three questions. 1. Describe the ploidy and total chromosome count of this cell without using any words. 2. What checkpoint in the cell cycle will allow this cell to move to the next phase? 3. What will be the ploidy of the two resulting daughter cells? 4. If non-disjunction occurred in one of the chromosomes shown here, what would be the ploidy of each of the resulting daughter cells?How would Shugoshin does not break down after anaphase I of meiosis affect the outcome of mitosis or meiosis?a. What type of cell division mitosis, meiosis I or meiosis II is shown in this figure? b. What is the diploid number of this organism? c. Provide labels for (i) and (ii)
- Which of the following is true with respect to cyclins and CDKs? A) CDKs promote progression of the cell cycle, cyclins function to inhibit progression of the cell cycle B) CDKs are the checkpoints in the cell cycle, and when bound to cyclins, they stop progression of the cell cycle C) CDKs will only work to promote progression of the cell cycle when complexed with their designated cyclins D) CDKs are rarely expressed during a cell's cycle, unless cyclins are present to act as transcription factors .Match the letter of the term with its description. Centriole Chromosome Chromatid Diploid DNA Gene Haploid Description makes spindle fibers is the hereditary material in chromosomes a cell containing two complete sets of chromosomes a cell containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes code for a specific trait (e.g. ability to roll the tongue) one of a pair of identical chromosomes formed by the replication of a single chromosome any of several thread-like structures, made of chromatinWhich of the following statements is true about cell cycle checkpoints? Question 5 options: A) G1 checkpoint check for cell size, nutrients, and growth factors availability. B) G2 checkpoint check for cell size, nutrients, growth factors, & DNA damage. C) G2 checkpoint check for chromosome attachment to spindle at metaphase D) All the above are true.