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Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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![### Anthracene: Structure and Chemical Properties
**Background Information:**
Anthracene is a yellow, crystalline solid that is commonly found in coal tar. Its chemical formula is C₁₄H₁₀, indicating it consists of 14 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms.
**Objective:**
To complete the molecular structure of anthracene by adding the necessary bonds and hydrogen atoms.
**Instructions for Completing the Structure:**
1. **Carbon Structure Initialization:**
As depicted in the diagram below, anthracene's basic structure consists of three fused benzene rings. Each carbon atom is represented by the letter "C".
```
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
```
2. **Drawing Bonds:**
Using the drawing tools provided:
- Select the single, double, or triple bond tools as required.
- Place the bonds between the carbon atoms appropriately within the rings.
3. **Adding Hydrogen Atoms:**
- Select the "H" tool for hydrogen atoms.
- Attach hydrogen atoms to the appropriate carbons to satisfy the valence requirements (each carbon atom forms four bonds).
4. **Completion:**
Ensure all valences are satisfied with the correct number of hydrogen atoms and bonds.
**Interactive Tools:**
- **Select Tool:** Choose objects on the diagram.
- **Draw Tool:** Add bonds and atoms.
- **Templates Tool:** Use pre-defined molecular structures.
- **Erase Tool:** Remove errors or unwanted additions.
- **Undo/Redo Buttons:** Click these buttons to undo or redo your last action.
- **Zoom In/Out Buttons:** Use to get a closer or wider view of your molecular structure.
**Diagram Explanation:**
The diagram shows an incomplete structure of anthracene where only the carbon atoms forming the rings have been laid out. Each carbon atom is denoted by "C" and is connected by single or double bonds.
**Example Diagram (Benzene Rings Fused Structure):**
Below is a simplified representation of the carbon skeleton of anthracene:
```
C-C-C-C-C
/| |\
C C C
| | |
C C C
\| |/
C-C-C-C-C
```
Complete the structure by ensuring all carbons have their valences satisfied with](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/3e3f76e7-3e2b-4631-a85d-ebd3274410fe/75005e19-3470-4a36-86ec-468394719ea1/i21vaqk_thumbnail.png)
Transcribed Image Text:### Anthracene: Structure and Chemical Properties
**Background Information:**
Anthracene is a yellow, crystalline solid that is commonly found in coal tar. Its chemical formula is C₁₄H₁₀, indicating it consists of 14 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms.
**Objective:**
To complete the molecular structure of anthracene by adding the necessary bonds and hydrogen atoms.
**Instructions for Completing the Structure:**
1. **Carbon Structure Initialization:**
As depicted in the diagram below, anthracene's basic structure consists of three fused benzene rings. Each carbon atom is represented by the letter "C".
```
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
```
2. **Drawing Bonds:**
Using the drawing tools provided:
- Select the single, double, or triple bond tools as required.
- Place the bonds between the carbon atoms appropriately within the rings.
3. **Adding Hydrogen Atoms:**
- Select the "H" tool for hydrogen atoms.
- Attach hydrogen atoms to the appropriate carbons to satisfy the valence requirements (each carbon atom forms four bonds).
4. **Completion:**
Ensure all valences are satisfied with the correct number of hydrogen atoms and bonds.
**Interactive Tools:**
- **Select Tool:** Choose objects on the diagram.
- **Draw Tool:** Add bonds and atoms.
- **Templates Tool:** Use pre-defined molecular structures.
- **Erase Tool:** Remove errors or unwanted additions.
- **Undo/Redo Buttons:** Click these buttons to undo or redo your last action.
- **Zoom In/Out Buttons:** Use to get a closer or wider view of your molecular structure.
**Diagram Explanation:**
The diagram shows an incomplete structure of anthracene where only the carbon atoms forming the rings have been laid out. Each carbon atom is denoted by "C" and is connected by single or double bonds.
**Example Diagram (Benzene Rings Fused Structure):**
Below is a simplified representation of the carbon skeleton of anthracene:
```
C-C-C-C-C
/| |\
C C C
| | |
C C C
\| |/
C-C-C-C-C
```
Complete the structure by ensuring all carbons have their valences satisfied with
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