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And conduct a two-factor ANOVA to investigate the effects of gender (The name of the variable in SPSS is "gender" and it has two levels, "male" vs. "female") and "minority classification" (In SPSS, the name of the variable is "minority", its label is "Minority Classification" ,and it has two levels "yes" and "no"; referring to whether an individual is part of a minority or not ) on beginning salary (In SPSS the name of the variable is "salbegin", and its label is "Beginning Salary). Use α = .05
a. If the Gender by Minority Classification interaction is significant, describe the interaction. Include individual
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- 11) Consider each of the following scenarios and state whether the variable in question is a confounder, or whether more information is needed to assess confounding. Choose from Yes / No / or Need more information, and provide a very brief explanation for your selection a) In a cohort study of liver cancer among males, incidence rates of liver cancer among men with unhealthy alcohol use are compared to incidence rates of liver cancer among non-drinkers. Is gender a confounder in this study? b) A case-control study of the risk of beer consumption and oral cancer among men (overall OR = 2.8). In this study, cigarette smoking is associated with beer consumption and is a risk factor for oral cancer among both beer drinkers (OR=3.6) and nondrinkers (OR=3.7). Is cigarette smoking a confounder in this study? c) In a study of the risk of pulmonary hypertension among women who take diet drugs to lose weight, the crude relative risk of pulmonary hypertension comparing diet drug users to…arrow_forwardBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychological illness marked by an ongoing pattern of varying moods, self-image, and behavior. A psychologist wants to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on BPD in a two month study. The psychologist randomly selected 500 people who have BPD to participate in a study. The 500 participants were divided into two groups based on gender. The first group, contained 344 females, they were given medication along with DBT therapy. The second group were comprised of 156 males, they received medication alone. At the end of the two month study, the psychologist administered a standard test to evaluate the symptoms of BPD. It was found that the group that received the DBT therapy along with the medication had about the same level of improvement in symptoms as the group that received the medication alone. The psychologist concluded that there is no evidence that DBT therapy is effective at improving the symptoms of Borderline…arrow_forwardResearchers are interested in determining if there is a difference in the proportion of women who choose the different types of treatments for those diagnosed with Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DIS) breast cancer, which is a form of breast cancer that occurs in the Breast Ducts and has not spread. Following a diagnoses of DCIS, women can choose between three different treatment plans: a mastectomy or a lumpectomy followed by radiation therapy or a lumpectomy followed by Adjuvant Endocrine therapy. A random sample of 500 women diagnosed with DCIS breast cancer was obtained. Of the 500 women, 190 chose to have a mastectomy, 150 chose to have a lumpectomy followed by radiation, and 160 chose to have a lumpectomy followed by Adjuvant Endocrine therapy. At the 1% significance level, what conclusion can be reached?arrow_forward
- And conduct a two-factor ANOVA to investigate the effects of gender (The name of the variable in SPSS is "gender" and it has two levels, "male" vs. "female") and "minority classification" (In SPSS, the name of the variable is "minority", its label is "Minority Classification" ,and it has two levels "yes" and "no"; referring to whether an individual is part of a minority or not ) on beginning salary (In SPSS the name of the variable is "salbegin", and its label is "Beginning Salary). Use α = .05 a. If the main effect of Minority Classification is significant, describe the main effect of Minority Classification. Include the overall means and corresponding standard deviations in your description. Example = If there is a main effect of maternal diet, is the main effect of maternal diet significant? Why? Provide F-statistic, df of numerator, df of denominator, and p- value? Yes, the main effect of maternal diet is significant because p is less than alpha, F(1,16) = 40.67, p = .0001arrow_forwardfor a two way factor anova comparing the possible interaction between religion and anxiety, what is the alternativearrow_forwardThe personality characteristics of business leaders (e.g., CEOS) are related to the operations of the businesses that they lead (Oreg & Berson, 2018). Traits like openness to experience are related to positive financial outcomes and other traits are related to negative financial outcomes for their businesses. Suppose that a board of directors is interested in evaluating the personality of their leadership. Among a sample of n = 16 managers, the sample mean of the openness to experiences dimension of personality was M = 4.50. Assuming that u = 4.24 and o = 1.05 (Cobb-Clark & Schurer, 2012), use a two-tailed hypothesis test with a = .05 to test the hypothesis that this company's business leaders' openness to experience is different from the population. Standard Normal Distribution Mean - 0.0 Standard Deviation 1.0 .7198 .1401 .1401 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 -1.08 1.08 Step 1. Ho: ; H;: a = .05. Step 2. The critical region consists of Step 3. For these data the standard error is and…arrow_forward
- If the results of a two-factor ANOVA show no main effect for factor A but show a significant interaction, then the results indicate that factor A has no effect on the subjects' scores. True or Falsearrow_forwardDesign a two-factor ANOVA with variables of interest (personal, academic, career). In addition state your 3 hypothesis (2 main effects, 1 interaction). Example: Two-Factor ANOVA to evaluate the effect of Video Game Violence and Grade on Aggression Factors1. Factor A: Video Game Violence level (3 levels: low, moderate, high) 2. Factor B: Grade level (4 levels: 1st grade, 2nd grade, 3rd grade, 4th grade) 3. Dependent Variable: Aggression Hypothesis Tests1. Video Game Violence level affects Aggression2. Grade level affects Aggression 3. Interaction between Video Game Violence level and Grade level: video game violence level will affect aggression but only for 3rd and 4th graders but not for 1st and 2nd graders. INCLUDED ABOVE IS AN EXAMPLE. THIS IS NOT AN ESSAY QUESTION OR INCOMPLETE. THIS HAS BEEN REJECTED TWICE PLEASE DON'T DO THE SAME.arrow_forwardA significant result in an ANOVA indicates that A)the means of two groups are different, B)there is a significant effect of random variance. C)there is a significant effect of systematic variance. D)the intercept of the regression line is not zero.arrow_forward
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- Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSONThe Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. FreemanIntroduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
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