NW_Q3) IP addressing operates at the network layer (Layer 3) of OSI, IP addresses must be able to identify individual hosts (such as a computer, printer, router, etc.) and individual networks. This can be achieved by dividing the 32-bit IP addresses into two parts: an initial network ID portion that identifies individual networks, followed by a host ID portion that identifies individual hosts on a given network. An organization has a class C network 196.10.10 and wants to form subnets for five departments, which host as follows:

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