An open economy interacts with the rest of the world through its involvement in world markets for goods and services and world financial markets. Although it can often result in an imbalance in these markets, the following identity must remain true:
Net Capital Outflow = Net Exports
In other words, if a transaction directly affects the left side of this equation, then it must also affect the right side. The following problem will help you understand why this identity must hold.
Suppose you are the purchasing manager for a large chain of restaurants in the United States, and you need to make your semiannual purchase of tea. You pay $1,500,000 for a shipment of tea from an Indian tea producer.
Determine the effects of this transaction on exports, imports, and net exports in the U.S. economy, and enter your results in the following table. If the direction of change is "No change," enter "0" in the Magnitude of Change column.
Hint: The magnitude of change should always be positive, regardless of the direction of change.
Direction of Change
Magnitude of Change
(Dollars)
Exports
Imports
Net Exports
Because of the identity equation that relates to net exports, the in U.S. net exports is matched by in U.S. net capital outflow. Which of the following is an example of how the United States might be affected in this scenario? Check all that apply.
The Indian tea producer hangs on to the $1,500,000 so that it can use the U.S. dollars to make investments.
The United States sells $1,500,000 worth of bonds to the Indian tea producer.
The Indian tea producer purchases $1,500,000 worth of stock spread out over a few U.S. companies.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Step by stepSolved in 2 steps with 1 images
- Help with a few subparts would be great!arrow_forwardEconomists are of the view that the Mundell-Fleming Model is quite useful for explaining economic fluctuations in small open economies. Critically assess this statement.arrow_forwardQUESTION 4 Consider the following two figures. Japanese Yen per 1 uS Dollar Graph Danish Krone per 1 Euro Graph 12 Mar 2018 16:00 UTC - 11 Apr 2018 16:48 UTC 12 Mar 2018 16:00 UTC - 11 Apr 2018 16:10 UTC 107.07591 7.4648491 106, 39703 7.4552022| 1d5.1Ma16 105.03928 7.4359083. 104.36040 7.4262613 Apr9 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 19 Mar 26 | Apr 2 Apr 2 | Apr 9 Mar 19 Mar 26 Which of the following statements is correct? A. the left figure describes a fixed exchange rate; the right figure describes a fixed exchange rate O B. the left figure describes a flexible exchange rate; the right figure describes a flexible exchange rate C. the left figure describes a fixed exchange rate; the right figure describes a flexible exchange rate D. the left figure describes a flexible exchange rate; the right figure describes a fixed exchange ratearrow_forward
- Consider a country with no capital mobility and flexible exchange rates. a. Solve for the exchange rate that clears the trade balance as a function of the level of income, Y. (Assume that the trade balance is in the form T =T, + øq– mY where øis a positive constant and q = (eP*/P)). b. Solve for the level of income as a function of all exogenous variables. In what way does the multiplier differ from all other open economy multipliers computed before?arrow_forwardSuppose the U.S. government has just hired you to analyze the following scenario. Assume the U.S. manufacturing industry grows concerned about competition from low-cost producers overseas exporting their goods to the United States, a practice that harms domestic producers. Industry experts claim that implementing a tariff on imports would reduce the size of the trade deficit. Complete the following exercise in order to help you analyze this claim. The following graph shows the demand and supply of U.S. dollars in a model of the foreign-currency exchange market. Shift the demand curve, the supply curve, or both to show what would happen if the government decided to implement the tariff. REAL EXCHANGE RATE (Units of foreign currency per dollar) QUANTITY OF DOLLARS Given this change, the dollar Supply Change due to a tariff Demand Fill in the following table with the effect of a tariff on the following items: Demand Supply (?) Supply of Loanable Funds Real Interest Rate Net Capital…arrow_forwardYou have the following annual data for the New Zealand economy ($bn): GDP (Y) = 184 Gross National Disposable Income (Yd) = 171 Net exports of goods and services (NX) = 0 Private Consumption (C) = 106 Government consumption (G) = 34 Based on this data, complete the following paragraph (enter numbers only). Investment (I) is equal to $____bn. The current account SELECT (surplus or deficit) is equal to $_____bn. The capital account part of the balance of payments (which for the purposes of this question includes both capital and financial accounts) therefore shows a SELECT (surplus or deficit) of $_____bn. National savings is equal to $_____bn.arrow_forward
- 2) On the graph below show how the Solow model will differ if we allow for trade. Assume that the country has a current account deficit. Hint: Remember that national savings is equal to sY+ = It + CA₁₁ where CA, is the nation's current account at time t. Therefore, the (per worker) capital accumulation function will become k++1 - k₁ = syt - cat - (n+ d) k₁, where ca, is the "current account per worker."arrow_forwardIn a developing economy that primarily relies on agriculture, the government decides to implement a series of reforms aimed at liberalizing the financial sector, including easing restrictions on foreign bank entry. What is the most likely short-term impact of these reforms on the agricultural sector's access to credit? A) Increased access to credit for the agricultural sector due to enhanced competition in the banking sector. B) Decreased access to credit for the agricultural sector as foreign banks focus on more profitable urban and industrial clients. C) No significant change in access to credit for the agricultural sector, as foreign banks have minimal impact on local lending. D) A shift in credit allocation from large agricultural businesses to small-scale farmers due to diversified lending practices of foreign banks.arrow_forwardHow will the following event affect variables 1 through 3 in the foreign exchange market under a flexible exchange rate system; other things unchanged. Event: The U.S. Central Bank (the Fed) starts buying Chinese currency using dollar reserves: Variable 1: Supply of dollar in the foreign exchange market ___(increase, decrease, unaffected: briefly explain why). Variable 2: Value of dollar in the foreign exchange market unaffected: briefly explain why). Variable 3: American goods exported to China unaffected: briefly explain why). (appreciate, depreciate, (increae, decrease,arrow_forward
- Suppose that you are given the following model for the goods market: C=100 +0.4(Y-T), I=20+.1 Y-200r, G=400, X=200 +0.2Y*-10e, IM=300 +0.3Y+10e and you know that r = 2%, Y*=1,500, e=1 and T =50. Note: e= real exchange rate. The equation for the demand for domestic goods (Z) is and the multiplier for this economy is If the economy were closed, the equation for the demand for domestic goods (Z') would be and the multiplier for the closed economy would be Z = 576 + 0.2Y; multiplier open eco is 2; Z' = 526 + 0.5Y ; multiplier closed eco is 4 O Z = 1000+ 0.4Y; multiplier open eco is 1.67; Z' = 500+ 0.5Y ; multiplier closed eco is 5 Z = 676 + 0.2Y; multiplier open eco is 5; Z' = 496 + 0.5Y; multiplier closed eco is 2 OZ = 576 +0.2Y; multiplier open eco is 5 ; Z' = 500+ 0.4Y; multiplier closed eco is 1.67arrow_forwardFor this question, treat the countries listed in each row as the home country, and treat the United States as the foreign country. Suppose the cost of the market basket in the United States is PUS = $190. Check to see whether PPP holds for each of the countries listed and determine whether we should expect a real appreciate or real depreciation for each country (relative to the United States) in the long run. You can fill out your answers in the table directly but please show how you worked out the problem for Brazil using the space below the table. Round your answers to 2 decimal places if necessary. Country (currency measured in FX units) Per $ (EFX/$) Price of Market Basket (in FX) Price of U.S. Basket in FX (PUSx EFX/$) Real Exchange Rate qcountry/US Does PPP Hold? (yes or no) Is FX Currency Overvalued or Undervalued? Is FX Currency Expected to Have Real Appreciation or Depreciation? Brazil (real) 4.07 520 India…arrow_forwardYou are given the following information about an economy: Gross private domestic investment = 35 Government purchases of goods and services = 30 Gross national product (GNP) = 250 Current account balance = 10 Taxes = 40 Government transfer payments to the domestic private sector = 30 Interest payments from the government to the domestic private sector = 20 (Assume all interest payments by the government go to domestic households.) Factor income received from rest of world = 7 Factor payments made to rest of world = 8 Find the following, assuming that government investment is zero. Net factor payments from abroad = -1. (Enter your answer as a whole number.) GDP = 251. (Enter your answer as a whole number.) Net exports = (Enter your answer as a whole number.) Consumption = . (Enter your answer as a whole number.) Private saving = (Enter your answer as a whole number.) Government saving = (Enter your answer as a whole number.) National saving = (Enter your answer as a whole number.)arrow_forward
- Principles of Economics (12th Edition)EconomicsISBN:9780134078779Author:Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. OsterPublisher:PEARSONEngineering Economy (17th Edition)EconomicsISBN:9780134870069Author:William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, C. Patrick KoellingPublisher:PEARSON
- Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305585126Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage LearningManagerial Economics: A Problem Solving ApproachEconomicsISBN:9781337106665Author:Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike ShorPublisher:Cengage LearningManagerial Economics & Business Strategy (Mcgraw-...EconomicsISBN:9781259290619Author:Michael Baye, Jeff PrincePublisher:McGraw-Hill Education