Aluminum chloride is a commonly used catalyst for Friedel- Crafts acylation and alkylations. What makes this compound suitable for these reactions? (Check all that apply.) Both, the anhydrous and the hydrated form are strong Lewis acids. it is a strong Lewis base. It usually has yellow-green color which facilitates these reactions. It is a strong Lewis acid. O Its anhydrous form dissolves in many organic solvents.

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Suppose you have a mixture of these three compounds. Devise a chemical procedure based on their relative acidity or basicity to separate and isolate each in pure form. H3C- -NO2 H3C- NH2 H3C- OH- 4-Nitrotoluene 4-Methylaniline (p-Toluidine) 4-Methylphenol (p-Cresol)

A problem in dyeing fabrics is the degree of fastness of the dye to the fabric. Many of the early dyes were surface dyes; that is, they did not bond to the fabric, with the result that they tended to wash off after repeated laundering. Indigo, for example, which gives the blue color to blue jeans, is a surface dye. Color fastness can be obtained by bonding a dye to the fabric. The first such dyes were the so-called reactive dyes, developed in the 1930s for covalently bonding dyes containing-NH, groups to cotton, wool, and silk fabrics. In the first stage of the first-developed method for reactive dyeing, the dye is treated with cyanuric chloride, which links to the fabric through the amino group of the dye. The remaining chlorines are then displaced by the-OH groups of cotton (cellulose) or the-NH, groups of wool or silk (both proteins). CI -Cotton Dye-NH, Но-Сotton N' CI CI Dye-NH CI Dye-NH 'N. 0-Cotton Cyanuric chloride A reactive dye Dye covalently bonded to cotton Propose a…

Which of the following compounds has an activating group? A. Bromobenzene B. Benzoic acid OC. None in the answer OD. Diphenylamine ESTION 2 Which of the following compounds has a deactivating group attached to the benzene ring? OA. Phenol OB. Acetanilide OC. Salicyclic Acid OD. Toluene

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Show ALL your steps, work and details in your calculations, use GRASPS: Given, Required, Analysis, Solution, and Paraphrase to answer the question, it is required. Answer in complete sentences and therefore statements.

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Imagine that phenol (“hydroxybenzene”) and nitrobenzene are reacted (in separate beakers) with a hot solution containing both concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. A) Phenol reacts much more quickly than benzene, and benzene reacts much more quickly that nitrobenzene. Explain this observation, using at least one appropriate reaction coordinate diagram as part of your answer (be sure to label your reaction diagram with appropriate structures). You do not need to include any complete mechanisms, but you may wish to use portions of mechanisms as part of your discussion.

An organic chemistry experiment involves a nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction using 1-iodobutane and 2-naphthoxide ion. The 2-naphthoxide ion is generated from 2-naphthol and sodium hydroxide in an ethanol solvent. The experiment includes steps like generating the nucleophile, conducting the SN2 reaction, and analyzing the product using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Question: Write the structure of the undesired side product if CH3CH2O‾ (ethoxide) reacts with 1-iodobutane.