Although other groups of vertebrates are more numerous and have existed longer than mammals, mammals are often called the most advanced form of life. Why?
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Animal Diversity
Nematodes are commonly known as roundworms. They are free-living, very tiny organisms. They have an elongated and tubular body. These organisms have a nervous system and are mostly act as parasites to both animals and plants.
Platyhelminthes
Platyhelminthes are also known as "flatworms" because as they are dorsoventrally flattened from head to tail. They are invertebrate, soft-bodied, acoelomate, unsegmented and have bilateral symmetry.
Although other groups of vertebrates are more numerous and have existed longer than mammals, mammals are often called the most advanced form of life. Why?
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- Mammals belong to a group of amniotes known as synapsids. Three major lineages of mammals had emerged by the early Cretaceous period. In a tabulated form, compare these three lineages to illustrate their diversity in terms of: a. Embryonic developmen, b. How the young are fed and c. Period of gestationHumans as individuals have a number of disadvantages compared to other animals. For instance we are not very fast, strong, cannot see well in the dark, have a poor sense of smell and hearing compared to other animals, and we are not very good climbers. With all of these disadvantages how is it that we have been so successful? Shouldn't we have gone extinct as other humanoids such as Homo erectus? Discuss why humans have beaten the odds and are so successful.How do we come to understand the place of vertebrates in a broader tree that includes all animals?
- What are the five classes of vertebrates? To which of these do human beings belong?Put the following milestones in animal evolution in orderfrom oldest to most recent: (a) origin of mammals,(b) earliest evidence of terrestrial arthropods, (c) Ediacaranfauna, (d) extinction of large, nonflying dinosaurs.In vertebrates, what anatomical structure partially or completely replaces the notochord? 1.) lateral-line system 2.) cartilage or a bony skeleton 3.) endostyle 4.) dorsal hallow nerve cord
- Mammal numbers, diversity, and size increased dramatically at the end of the Cretaceous because mammals were a group of theropods similar to the group that led to modern birds. mammals were viviparous, leading to greater reproductive success than in the dinosaurs. non-avian dinosaurs became extinct at that time. mammals evolved hollow bones, allowing them to escape from predatory dinosaurs. mammals evolved differentiated teeth that allowed them to outcompete non-avian dinosaurs.What are the problems that vertebrates needed to solve to adapt to the terrestrial environment since they came from the aquatic habitat? How does evolution solved those problems?Living vertebrates can be divided into two majorclades. Select the appropriate pair.(A) the chordates and the tetrapods(B) the urochordates and the cephalochordates(C) the cyclostomes and the gnathostomes(D) the marsupials and the eutherians
- Humans are members of the phylum chordata. As such they have a notochord. The notochord in humans; Can be found next to their spinal chord Has been lost to evolution entirely and is no longer a part of the human life cycle Becomes part of the brain stem Is an embryological feature which is mostly absorbed by the backboneMammals belong to a group of amniotes known as synapsids. Three major lineages of mammals had emerged by the early Cretaceous period. In a tabulated form, compare these three lineages to illustrate their diversity in terms of: a. Embryonic development b. How the young are fed c. Period of gestationTiktaalik is a fish that lived 375 million years ago that grew to three metres long and had aquatic features mixed with others more suited to life on land. The fossils of five Tiktaalik specimens reveal that the animals had a large, robust pelvic girdle, a prominent hip joint, and long hind fins. The powerful fins could have propelled the beast in the water, but also helped it walk on riverbeds, or scramble around on mudflats. It is believed that Tiktaalik evolved into four- legged land animals. The scientists have yet to find a Tiktaalik hind fin bone, or any remains that might shed light on the origins of toes. A picture of Tiktaalik is available at https://www.npr.org/2010/07/05/127937070/t human-edge-finding-our-inner-fish Describe how Darwin would explain that evolution of hind legs (of land animals) actually began as enhanced hind fins (of Tiktaalik), referring to his relevant observations and inferences (Lecture 02 History of Evolutionary Thought - slide 18). Indicate where the…