Living vertebrates can be divided into two majorclades. Select the appropriate pair.(A) the chordates and the tetrapods(B) the urochordates and the cephalochordates(C) the cyclostomes and the gnathostomes(D) the marsupials and the eutherians

Q: Describe four shared derived characters of vertebrates.

A: Vertebrates are members from the subphylum Vertebrata, under the phylum Chordata and under the realm…

Q: Amniotes are descended most closely from which of the following groups O reptiliomorphs O…

A: Amniotes is the clade used to include tetrapod animals like reptiles, birds and mammals. They lay…

Q: In what ways do the genera Australopithecus and Homo differ?

A: Genetic evidence showed that about 7-10 million years ago, humans were evolved from chimpanzees. The…

Q: What are the key events in the evolution of the animals?

A: Evolution can be defined as the change in the characteristics of species over several generations…

Q: How did the origin of jaws, lungs, limbs, and the amnion affect thecourse of vertebrate evolution?

A: A vertebrate is an animal that has a backbone and a skeleton. Human beings are part of this…

Q: Explain super class of vertebrates?

A: Vertebrates are those organisms that have a spinal cord and it is surrounded by bone or cartilage.…

Q: 5. Archosaurs are distinguished by what common ancestral trait? opening 6. You may exit the Hall of…

A: DISCLAIMER FOR MULTIPLE   Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question…

Q: What phyla of animals are most closely related to the chordates?

A: Chordates belong to the phylum Chordata. The Chordates in their full life cycle have one of the…

Q: During embryonic development, a neural crest would be found in all of the following chordates,…

A: Neural crest is a population of migratory cells which arise from the epithelial cells. It develops…

Q: From which diapsid subgroup have crocodilians descended? What other major fossil and living…

A: An organism is any individual entity that embodies the properties of life. Organisms are classified…

Q: Describe three innovations that distinguish mammals from cartilaginous fishes (see Fig. 32.2).

A: Mammals and cartilaginous fishes belong to the subphylum vertebrata of phylum chordata.

Q: What are the reason that you can think of for the arthropods to constitute the largest group of…

A: Arthropods are the invertebrate animals that have a segmented body, paired jointed appendages, and…

Q: Identify the geologic era and periods in which chordatesand the first vertebrates appear.

A: The chordates are first found in cambrian period which is 530 million years ago

Q: Discuss how humans, as chordates, possess all fourcharacteristics either as embryos or adults.

A: All the chordates posses the following diagnostic characters either in the embryonic or adult…

Q: Name three characteristics that set vertebrates apart from other animals

A: The phylum of vertebrates, which includes Aves, reptiles, amphibians, and mammals, is defined by the…

Q: The following image is from a scientific publication by paleontologist Niel Shubin, who was part of…

A: Homologous structures such as organs or bones are the structures which posses similar anatomical…

Q: Evolutionarily protochordates may be intermediate animals between invertebrates and vertebrates.…

A: The Echinoderms belong to the phylum Echinodermata. They possess radial symmetry and inhabit the…

Q: What are the reasons that you can think of for the arthropods to constitute the largest group of the…

A: The phylum Arthropoda consists of invertebrate animals such as insects, arachnids, and crustaceans.…

Q: Find the hash mark indicating the origin of jaws. Which group or groups of vertebrates possess jaws?…

A: Vertebrates are the chordates that have a vertebral column.

Q: How did the vertebrate appendage evolve into the limbs we find so useful today?

A: The tetrapods consist of the a pair of forelimb and a pair of Hindlimb and these are supported by…

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the cleavage pattern in reptiles, birds, and fish?…

A: Cleavage is the process of cell division in the developing embryo following fertilisation in…

Q: Can fossils bridge the evolutionary gap between fish and tetrapod vertebrates?

A: Phylogeny is the branch of biology that studies phylogenetic analysis. A phylogenetic analysis is…

Q: In which ways does the limb orientation of "advanced" tetrapods differ from that of  "primitive"…

A: Tetrapods are the four limbed structure.And these limbs have derived from fins.The limbs of all…

Q: How does the arrangement of skeletal structures differ in sea urchins, sea stars, and brittle stars?…

A: Star fish, brittle star and sea urchin fall under big family of Echinodermata. There are several…

Q: In 1928 Walter Garstang hypothesized that tunicates resemble the ancestral stock of the vertebrates.…

A: Introduction: Tunicate dwells in marine environment and is an invertebrate belonging to subphylum…

Q: Discuss the features of the agnathans, vestiges of the first vertebrates, the jawless fishes.

A: Agnatha is a superclass of jawless fish in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, consisting of…

Q: According to the fossil record, what did the common ancestors of all tetrapods (four-limbed animals)…

A: Modern day tetrapods includes including whales, lizards, humans, and birds, and a number of other…

Q: What is the closest common ancestor of the Allosaurus and Aves? A. Maniraptora B. Theropoda C.…

A: The cladogram presented here consists of four major clades which are Dinosauria, Saurischia,…

Q: Describe three important differences between the skeletons of the crayfish and the pig.

A: SOME BASIC INFORMATION  SKELETON  It is a structure which is formed by bones  It basically forms the…

Q: Question: All members of Chordata have true vertebrae.   True or False?

A: Animalia is the most advanced and complex kingdom among all the other kingdoms. The body has tissue…

Q: There are two types of chordates the invertebrates and the vertebrates. How do invertebrate…

A:

Q: examine the morphology and anatomy of starfish.  Notice the ossicles and plates that constitute…

A:

Q: Which of the following could be considered the most recentcommon ancestor of living tetrapods?(A) a…

A: The term “tetrapods” means “four feet”. The tetrapods are the animals that belong to the superclass…

Q: Define “diphyodont” and “heterodont” and explain why both terms apply to mammalian dentition.

A: The teeth development and their arrangement in the mouth is called dentition. It involves number and…

Q: What similarities are present in birds and reptiles in terms of their external features?

A: Birds are parrot, owl, penquinn, albatross,  Swift and many more whereas some of the examples of…

Q: Are Protostome and Deuterostomes only applicable to tripoblastic animals?Are Cnidarians even…

A: Protostome along with deuterostomes and the Xenacoelomorpha are a group of animals called bilateria.…

Q: How do we come to understand the place of vertebrates in a broader tree that includes all animals?

A: The relationship between different organisms based on their evolutionary descent is depicted through…

Q: What does radial symmetry means? What is the type of symmetry found in chordates? Which are other…

A: The animals are the most abundant living organism that is found in almost every habitat. They have…

Q: There are two types of chordates the invertebrates and the vertebrates. How do invertebrate…

A: The scientific classification of animals begin in the late 18th century. At that time , animals for…

Q: What is present on the feet of birds which provides more evidence for their evolution from reptiles…

A: Archaeopteryx lithographica is one of the first birds that is considered as the missing link between…

Q: Describe the evolution of mammals, tracing their synapsid lineage from early amniote ancestors to…

A: An animal that is characterized by the presence of mammary glands (mostly in females and sometimes…

Q: If members of a group, such as chordates , evolved from a common ancestor then they should show…

A: The oldest discovered fossil of chordate is Pikaia gracilens belonging to cephalochordate. It is…

Q: Explain How will you compare and contrast the skeleton of fish

A: The embryos of modern fish and tetrapod look similar . Both modern fish and tetrapod are vertebrates…

Q: Make some observations about archosaurs as a group. What features do they have in common that make…

A: The Archosaur is a subclass that consists of birds and reptiles (the crocodiles) and a few other…

Q: Why are Cnidarians diploblast and other animals tripoblast based on evolution?

A: In the early developmental stages, the embryo of the vertebrates organizes itself into a…

Q: What are some of the functional and evolutionary advantages of gnathostomes?

A: Gnathostomes are vertebrates that have jaws. Having jaws has an evolutionary advantage for this…

Q: Put the following milestones in animal evolution in orderfrom oldest to most recent: (a) origin of…

A: The origin of life or abiogenesis states about the simple life forms that are risen from the…

Human Evolution

Human evolution is the process of evolution of humans from early man to anatomically modern humans. The process of evolution in humans leads to the gradual development of traits like bipedalism. Humans are the highly social animals that make them the most advanced animal on Earth.  Human evolution is an outcome of interaction among the following processes: