
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Allosteric enzymes in biosynthetic pathways are often inhibited by the binding of a ligand. The ligand often:
explain how you got the answer
a.binds the active site
b.is a precursor metabolite
c.is the end product
d.is ATP
Expert Solution

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All biological systems are well regulated. There are various regulatory things in our body, that control all the processes & react to the various inside & outside environmental changes. Whether it is gene expression, cell division, hormone secretion, metabolism, / enzyme activity, everything has to be regulated to ensure proper development & survival. Allostery is the mechanism of enzyme regulation, where binding at one site affects or influences the binding at subsequent sites.
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- A histidine was determined to be the critical residue involved in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. If the pKa of the histidine is known to be 6.5 in the active site and the pH of maximum catalytic activity is 7.2, what is likely the primary role of histidine in the catalytic reaction? A. forms a covalent bond with the substrate B. reduces the entropy of the substrate C. stabilizes a charged intermediate D. acts as a proton donor Aspartate and lysine are in the active site of an enzyme. They are both known to participate directly in catalysis. The pKa's of the residues are found to be 3.2 and 9.6, respectively for aspartate and lysine. The optimum pH for the enzyme is 6.4. Which forms of these two residues will predominate when the enzyme is most active? A. aspartate is protonated; lysine is deprotonated B. both residues are deprotonated C. aspartate is deprotonated; lysine is protonated D. both residues are protonatedarrow_forwardAmino acids that potentially can participate in acid-base catalysis in an enzyme active site, by accepting or donating a proton, can be: a. Asp, His, Lys b. Ala, Gly, Val c. Asp, Gly, Val d. Ala, Ile, Glyarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not true about enzymes?* A. Enzymes are biological catalysts B. Enzymes as catalysts lowers the activation energy thus, speeds up the rate of reaction C. Enzymes are proteins D. Enzymes are highly specific E. None of the given optionsarrow_forward
- Enzymes sometimes work as a key that opens the lock, if enzyme is the key then what is the physiological name of the molecule that could be the lock? Would the lock be Substrate?arrow_forwardA metal ion required for enzyme activity is called a. cofactor b. a proenzyme c. a subtrate d. a zymogenarrow_forwardFill in the blanks and answer the question: A. The enzyme ATCase (aspartate transcarbamoylase) uses _________________control to regulate its activity. The molecule ATP is an allosteric _____________ of ATCase and because it is a molecule different from the substrate of this enzyme it produces an _________________ effect in the enzyme’s activity. B. Is it appropriate to study the enzymatic activity of ATCase with the Michaelis Menten approximation? Justify your answer.arrow_forward
- in cells, an enzyme catalyzes the reaction ab → a + b. it was isolated, however, as an enzyme that carries out the opposite reaction a + b → ab. explain the paradox.arrow_forwardWhich of the following enzyme classes catalyze reactions in which two molecules become covalently linked to each other? A. Kinase B. Hydrolase C. Isomerase D. Ligasearrow_forwardYou are studying Protein X, which is a tetramer whose function is to bind glucose. You have found a molecule that is an allosteric effector of the protein’s activity. This means that: a. The molecule causes Protein X to bind O2 very tightly b. The molecule does not bind in the active site but affects the function of the protein c. The molecule is highly negatively charged d. The molecule binds in the same site as glucosearrow_forward
- Substrates bind to an enzymes sitearrow_forwardOne of the functions of the pentose phosphate pathway is to make NADPH, which plays important roles in many functions. Which of the following is NOT the function of NADPH? O a. O b. O C. O d. O e. ROS detoxification Biosynthesis of fatty acids Translation Biosynthesis of cholesterol Drug metabolismarrow_forwardAn Enzyme.. A. Becomes part of the final products B. Is consumed by the reaction C. Is nonspecfic for substrate D. is heat & pH sensitivearrow_forward
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