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All of the following are due to colligative properties except .. O.. the reduced vapor pressure of ethanol above an ethanol/sugar solution. O... the purification of sea water by reverse osmosis. O... the freezing point of water on a Chicago street in winter.

All of the following are due to colligative properties except .. O.. the reduced vapor pressure of ethanol above an ethanol/sugar solution. O... the purification of sea water by reverse osmosis. O... the freezing point of water on a Chicago street in winter.

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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### Understanding Colligative Properties: A Multiple Choice Exercise Colligative properties are properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles but not on their identity. Below is a multiple-choice question from an educational exercise designed to test your understanding of colligative properties. --- **Question:** **All of the following are due to colligative properties except ...** - ⬜ **the reduced vapor pressure of ethanol above an ethanol/sugar solution.** - ⬜ **the purification of seawater by reverse osmosis.** - ⬜ **the freezing point of water on a Chicago street in winter.** - ⬜ **the boiling point of water in Denver.** ### Analysis of Each Option: 1. **Reduced Vapor Pressure:** - When a non-volatile solute like sugar is added to a solvent like ethanol, the vapor pressure of the solution is reduced. This is a typical example of a colligative property. 2. **Purification of Seawater by Reverse Osmosis:** - Reverse osmosis is a process used to purify water by applying pressure to overcome the osmotic pressure. This process involves colligative properties but more directly deals with mechanical and physical separation methods rather than the intrinsic properties of the solution. 3. **Freezing Point Depression:** - The presence of solute particles (like road salt) lowers the freezing point of water. Therefore, the freezing point of water on a street in winter is an example of freezing point depression, a colligative property. 4. **Boiling Point Elevation:** - This option mentions the boiling point of water in Denver, which is influenced by atmospheric pressure rather than colligative properties. In Denver, water boils at a lower temperature due to the lower atmospheric pressure at higher altitudes. ### Conclusion: The correct answer is the purification of seawater by reverse osmosis, as it is not due to colligative properties but rather a physical separation technique. --- Understanding colligative properties is crucial for various practical applications, including antifreeze usage in winter, desalination processes, and more.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Colligative Properties: A Multiple Choice Exercise Colligative properties are properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles but not on their identity. Below is a multiple-choice question from an educational exercise designed to test your understanding of colligative properties. --- **Question:** **All of the following are due to colligative properties except ...** - ⬜ **the reduced vapor pressure of ethanol above an ethanol/sugar solution.** - ⬜ **the purification of seawater by reverse osmosis.** - ⬜ **the freezing point of water on a Chicago street in winter.** - ⬜ **the boiling point of water in Denver.** ### Analysis of Each Option: 1. **Reduced Vapor Pressure:** - When a non-volatile solute like sugar is added to a solvent like ethanol, the vapor pressure of the solution is reduced. This is a typical example of a colligative property. 2. **Purification of Seawater by Reverse Osmosis:** - Reverse osmosis is a process used to purify water by applying pressure to overcome the osmotic pressure. This process involves colligative properties but more directly deals with mechanical and physical separation methods rather than the intrinsic properties of the solution. 3. **Freezing Point Depression:** - The presence of solute particles (like road salt) lowers the freezing point of water. Therefore, the freezing point of water on a street in winter is an example of freezing point depression, a colligative property. 4. **Boiling Point Elevation:** - This option mentions the boiling point of water in Denver, which is influenced by atmospheric pressure rather than colligative properties. In Denver, water boils at a lower temperature due to the lower atmospheric pressure at higher altitudes. ### Conclusion: The correct answer is the purification of seawater by reverse osmosis, as it is not due to colligative properties but rather a physical separation technique. --- Understanding colligative properties is crucial for various practical applications, including antifreeze usage in winter, desalination processes, and more.
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