Answered: all expressed as CaCO3. Determine the…

all expressed as CaCO3. Determine the chemical dosages required to soften this water as much as possible without removing magnesium. What will the final hardness be?

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Fluid Materials

In general terms, anything that flows can be termed as a fluid. In other words, a fluid is any substance that cannot resist shear forces and deforms continuously under the application of external shear forces. Fluid materials differ completely from solid materials such as metals and alloys. For instance, if we consider two infinitesimally small cross-sectional areas of fluid materials and solid materials, and apply shear forces to these elements, both the elements will undergo deformation. Upon releasing the shear force, the element of the solid materials will regain its original orientation, but the element of the fluid materials will keep on deforming continuously under the action of the shear force.

Question

1-7. A water contains 200 mg/L Ca, 75 mg/L Mg, 180 mg/L HCO3, and 150 mg/L. CO₂,
all expressed as CaCO3. Determine the chemical dosages required to soften this
water as much as possible without removing magnesium. What will the final
hardness be?
1-8. If the water of Prob. 11-7 is to be softened to a final hardness of 85 mg/L as
CaCO, and is not to contain more than 25 mg/L. Mg as CaCO3, find the required
chemical dosages. Solve 11-7

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