Air in a closed piston-cylinder arrangement is expanded from the initial pressure of 9 bar and initial volume of 0.023 m to the final state of p = 3 bar. A polytropic relation of pV^1.27 = constant was followed between pressure and volume for the process. The specific internal energy at the initial and final states are 160 and 97 kJ/kg, respectively. The mass of the air is 0.3 kg. Neglecting the effect of kinetic and potential energy, determine the heat transfer, in kJ.

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A: For solution refer below images.

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Work and Heat Transfer

It is generally related to thermal engineering which tells about the use, creation, conversion and transfer of heat energy between the systems. It is also considered that to transfer heat from one source to another, transfer of masses is also required. There are various mechanisms by which, transfer of heat takes place i.e. thermal conduction, convection, radiation or by change of phase. All these mechanisms have their own specific features which sometimes occur simultaneously within the same system.