Agglutination is used only in vivo. to detect bacterial diseases. often as a substitute for immunoprecipitation. O to measure small parts of pathogens.

Q: Which of the following would not be a potential side effect of standard antimicrobial drugs?…

A: An antimicrobial drug can disrupt the host's normal microbiota. Microbiota is the group of microbes,…

Q: Why is the Widal Test performed? What disease does it indicate? Is the Widal test reliable?…

A: 1) Widal is the presumptive serological test for the diagnosis of enteric fever ,typhoid. ▪︎ It is a…

Q: Which of the following antigen-antibody reaction is used in blood ?grouping Precipitation O…

A: Blood is thick fluid that circulates through out the body in order to supply oxygen and nutrients to…

Q: Distinguish between point of care tests that can be used to diagnoseinfection and those that can be…

A: Infection is caused by microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, viruses. They invade the person’s body…

Q: Compare Immunological diagnostic system with DNA diagnostic systemand specify which system is better…

A: An immunological diagnostic system looks for the presence of an antigen or antibodies for a disease…

Q: Explain what immunoaffinity extraction consists of when applied to obtaining steroids

A: Liquid chromatography (LC) and the targeted attachment of antibodies or related substances are both…

Q: What is the value of antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing forthe microbiologist, the physician,…

A: Antimicrobial is the efficacy to kill the microbes. Drugs that have antimicrobial properties are…

Q: What could you use if you know the causative microbe of a certain disease in the patient? -A narrow…

A: Antibiotics are produced by certain types of bacteria that are used to killing the other bacteria.…

Q: Why is Clostridium difficile a good target pathogen for a vaccine? (In details, please) thanks!

A: Clostridium difficile infection is a significant local area related sickness. This infection is…

Q: Briefl y describe the principles and give an example of the use of a specifi c test using…

A: There are several diseases that affect humans and timely detection of these diseases can help in…

Q: What is the most effective type of vaccine and the preferred mode of entry? Why?

A: In the question, it is asked about the most effective type of vaccine and preferred way of entry.…

Q: Explain how the Western blot and complement fi xation tests are performed.

A: Proteins are the most abundant organic molecule in living systems. It plays a role in structural,…

Q: List at least 10 laboratory tests that use whole blood as a test sample.

A: 10 laboratory tests that use whole blood as a test sample.

Q: Why studying immunoparasitology is significant ?

A: Parasitic diseases, such as leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis are infections caused or spread by a…

Q: Some strains of Staphylococcus aureus produce that can cause toxic shock. Multiple Choice…

A: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive microorganism which causes the Disease: pneumonia Signs and…

Q: An example of an in vivo serological test isa. indirect immunofluorescenceb. radioimmunoassayc.…

A: Serological testing is a blood test used to diagnose the presence of antibodies against a…

Q: Describe the term serology and explain the immunologic principle behind serological tests.

A: Immune reactions to antigens result in the production of antibodies, and antibodies strongly attach…

Q: Which component of an indirect ELISA detects the antigen? O Primary Antibody O Secondary antibody O…

A: ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a 96 well plate assay technique used for detection and…

Q: Which of the following tests involve antibiotics? Choose all that apply OBacitracin ODNase…

A: Antibiotic susceptibility/ sensitivity test is test which is used to determine which antibiotic is…

Q: High results of ESR test can be found in patients may have infections autoimmune diseases cancers

A: ESR- An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test evaluates how rapidly erythrocytes (red blood…

Q: Label the immunohistochemistry-negative specimen to identify what tissue is present. Evaluate the…

A: Based on the primary observation, this picture appears to be mesenchymal organ cells of the kidney.…

Q: A diagnostic assay that gives a high number of false-negative test results has a low selectivity.…

A: Option (1). Selectivity:- It means the extent to which a particular diagnostic test is able to…

Q: An ELISA test is useful for detecting the presence of antigens but not antibodies in a sample.…

A: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test is used to diagnose HIV which causes AIDS. It is…

Q: Explain microorganisms, identification and control of pathogens, sterilization, antibiotics, host…

A: The study of all living organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye is known as…

Q: write down the following techniques of immunology and thier applications; 1.precipitation…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 subparts we'll answer the first 3. please resubmit the question and…

Q: How do you measure antibiotic sensitivity?

A: Antibiotic susceptibility testing is the measurement of the sensitivity or resistance of a bacteria…

Q: Anti-A antibodies are added to a blood sample to detect Anti-B antibodies are added to a blood…

A: Introduction :  There are some proteins in the blood called antibodies and antigens which differ…

Q: In an immunoblot the primary antibody recognizes:   the secondary antibody    nitrocellulose…

A: Ans. Immunoblot- It is also known as the western blotting technique, a highly sensitive method that…

Q: Describe briefly Immunofixation Technique

A: Immunofixation can detect and type monoclonal antibodies or immunoglobulins in serum or urine.Some…

Q: Name two types of immunodiffusion tests and describe how they operate

A: Immunodiffusion is a test which involves the use of soft agar or agarose to allow diffusion of…

Q: What is the principle of Immunochromatographic system, and its uses? Long anwser

A: Immunochromatography is the combination of immunoassay ( which is defined as biochemical tests that…

Q: Often contagious patients arrive in medical imaging with a mask over their nose and mouth . Explain…

A: The six-steps process in the establishment of the infection are:- 1) Firstly it needs an Infectious…

Q: serology (elisa) lab: Why are enzymes used in this immunoassay?

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts. They speed up the rate of reaction. They decrease the activation…

Q: What standard and isolation precautions do you need to follow? Why?

A: An infection is caused by the action of microorganisms mostly bacteria on any part of the body of an…

Q: True or false    panresistant organisms are only susceptible to the strongest of antibiotics

A: Antimicrobial resistance develops whenever bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites evolve and no…

Q: Why are primary immunodeficiencies considered “experiments ofnature”?

A: Immunodeficiency is a state in which the immune system’s ability to fight infectious disease and…

Q: How does Complement fixation test differ from haemolytic titration assay for complement? (Answer…

A: Complement system is a system which constitutes approximately 30 serum and cell surface proteins.…

Q: A patient is O positive and his serum is agglutinating all screening and panel reagent cells at room…

A: Blood group of the given patient is O positive. His serum is agglutinating all screening and panel…

Q: Many vaccines are heat sensitive due to their high concentration of proteins. Which of the following…

A: A heat sensitive vaccine is one which if exposed to temprature above certain specific values will be…