Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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A1. Sodium citrate: 0.015 M. Calculate the mass of sodium citrate dihydrate, Na3C6H5O7(H2O)2, needed to prepare 25 mL of a 0.015 M sodium citrate solution.
A2. Silver nitrate: 5.0 x 10-4 M. Calculate the volume of 0.040 M AgNO3 solution needed to prepare 50 mL of 5.0 x 10-4 M AgNO3 solution.
a3. Hydrogen peroxide: 0.050 M. Calculate the volume of 1.2 M H2O2 solution needed to prepare 50 mL of 0.050 M H2O2 solution.
a4. Sodium borohydride: 0.015 M. Calculate the volume of 0.25 M NaBH4 solution needed to prepare 25 mL of 0.015 M NaBH4 solution.
Transcribed Image Text:The following four stock solutions are used for the preparation of AGNP:
1. Sodium citrate: 0.015 M
2. Silver nitrate: 5.0 x 104 M
3. Hydrogen peroxide: 0.050 M
4. Sodium borohydride: 0.015 M
To investigate the factors which affect nanoparticle formation and to optimize the formation of
nanoplates (nanoprisms), solutions 1-3 plus high purity (Millipore) water are combined in
separate test tubes according to the following table:
Solution
Tube a
Tube b
Tube c
Tube d
Tube e
Tube f
Tube g
1
O mL
O mL
1.0 mL
1.0 mL
1.0 mL
1.0 mL
2.0 mL
2
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
O mL
2.0 mL
1.0 mL
2.0 mL
3.0 mL
4.0 mL
4.0 mL
Millipore
water
7.0 mL
5.0 mL
5.0 mL
4.0 mL
3.0 mL
2.0 mL
1.0 mL
Nanoparticle formation is started by the addition of 1.0 mL of solution 4 to each of the above
tubes, then briskly stirred. All reactants are colorless in solution, but once combined and after a
brief induction period, a color change occurs. In some cases, the initial solution color changes to
a different color or goes through multiple color changes before a final constant color is achieved.
The absorbance spectrum of each solution in the range 375-950 nm is then recorded. These
spectra are compiled and presented in part c of the activity. These experimental results were
obtained by students who performed this experiment in general chemistry lab several semesters
ago.
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