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Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
A.Provide the name for the D-monosaccharide “1”
in the above image. You may ignore the alpha
or beta anomer label.
B. Provide the name for the D-monosaccharide “2”
in the above image. You may ignore the alpha or
beta anomer label.
C.Provide the name for the D-monosaccharide “3”
in the above image. You may ignore the alpha or
beta anomer label.

Transcribed Image Text:The image contains six diagrams of chemical structures, which appear to represent different forms of carbohydrates. Below is a transcription and detailed description for each numbered structure:
1. **Structure 1:**
- This is a linear structure showing D-glucose in its Fischer projection form. The formula depicted is CH₂OH-CHOH-HO-CHOH-H-C=O-CH₂OH.
- At the center is an aldehyde group (CO), with hydroxyl groups (OH) attached to the carbon chain.
2. **Structure 2:**
- This structure is a cyclic form of glucose, called the Haworth projection. It shows the glucose molecule in its beta-D-glucose form.
- The hydroxyl groups are oriented above the plane at C-1 and below at C-2, C-3, and above at C-4.
3. **Structure 3:**
- This is another cyclic form of glucose, also in the Haworth projection, representing alpha-D-glucose.
- The hydroxyl group at C-1 is below the plane, while hydroxyl groups at C-2 and C-4 are above.
4. **Structure 4:**
- This diagram shows a disaccharide formed by two glucose units, appearing to represent maltose.
- The linkage is an alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond, capturing the bond between the C-1 of one glucose and C-4 of the other.
5. **Structure 5:**
- This structure is a polysaccharide chain, likely showcasing a segment of amylose or starch.
- The glucose units are connected through alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds, creating a helical formation.
6. **Structure 6:**
- This diagram displays a branched polysaccharide, probably glycogen or amylopectin.
- The connection includes both alpha-1,4- and alpha-1,6-glycosidic linkages, with the latter indicating branching.
These representations illustrate various structural forms of glucose and its polymers, highlighting key differences in stereochemistry and bonding that affect their biological function and properties.
Expert Solution
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Step 1
There are four classes of biological macromolecule: nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates.
The carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. Of these the monosaccharides are known as simple sugar having a general chemical formula C6H12O6
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- a. Why is it important to eat food containing antioxidants? Write at leasttwo reactions to prove the answer. b. Write in four ways the following nucleotide sequence: ATGCA. c. Explain i. Hoogsteen pairing & ii. Hyperchromic effectiii. Epimers Iv. Mutarotaton v. Aldose vi. Anomers vii. Mutarotationarrow_forwardEstimate the PI of the given amino acid? Assume that the amino acid contains a single carboxylic acid group on the side chain.arrow_forwardIn 3 sentences, explain this. Discuss the difference between an ⍺-D-glucose and a β-D-glucose. How can the structure of a monosaccharide affect its bioactivity?arrow_forward
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