a. A merchandise purchases budget for April, May, and June. b. A schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases for April, May, and June and for the quarter in total.
Master Budget
A master budget can be defined as an estimation of the revenue earned or expenses incurred over a specified period of time in the future and it is generally prepared on a periodic basis which can be either monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually. It helps a business, an organization, or even an individual to manage the money effectively. A budget also helps in monitoring the performance of the people in the organization and helps in better decision-making.
Sales Budget and Selling
A budget is a financial plan designed by an undertaking for a definite period in future which acts as a major contributor towards enhancing the financial success of the business undertaking. The budget generally takes into account both current and future income and expenses.
Garden Sales, Inc., sells garden supplies. Management is planning its cash needs for the second quarter. The company usually has to borrow money during this quarter to support peak sales of lawn care equipment, which occur during May. The following information has been assembled to assist in preparing a
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Budgeted monthly absorption costing income statements for April–July are:
| April | May | June | July | |||||
| Sales | $ | 440,000 | $ | 970,000 | $ | 420,000 | $ | 320,000 |
| Cost of goods sold | 308,000 | 679,000 | 294,000 | 224,000 | ||||
| Gross margin | 132,000 | 291,000 | 126,000 | 96,000 | ||||
| Selling and administrative expenses: | ||||||||
| Selling expense | 85,000 | 92,000 | 53,000 | 32,000 | ||||
| Administrative expense* | 41,000 | 54,400 | 33,200 | 30,000 | ||||
| Total selling and administrative expenses | 126,000 | 146,400 | 86,200 | 62,000 | ||||
| Net operating income | $ | 6,000 | $ | 144,600 | $ | 39,800 | $ | 34,000 |
*Includes $14,000 of
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Sales are 20% for cash and 80% on account.
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Sales on account are collected over a three-month period with 10% collected in the month of sale; 70% collected in the first month following the month of sale; and the remaining 20% collected in the second month following the month of sale. February’s sales totaled $150,000, and March’s sales totaled $210,000.
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Inventory purchases are paid for within 15 days. Therefore, 50% of a month’s inventory purchases are paid for in the month of purchase. The remaining 50% is paid in the following month. Accounts payable at March 31 for inventory purchases during March total $89,600.
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Each month’s ending inventory must equal 20% of the cost of the merchandise to be sold in the following month. The merchandise inventory at March 31 is $61,600.
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Dividends of $22,000 will be declared and paid in April.
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Land costing $30,000 will be purchased for cash in May.
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The cash balance at March 31 is $44,000; the company must maintain a cash balance of at least $40,000 at the end of each month.
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The company has an agreement with a local bank that allows the company to borrow in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of each month, up to a total loan balance of $200,000. The interest rate on these loans is 1% per month and for simplicity we will assume that interest is not compounded. The company would, as far as it is able, repay the loan plus accumulated interest at the end of the quarter
The company’s president is interested in knowing how reducing inventory levels and collecting
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Sales continue to be 20% for cash and 80% on credit. However, credit sales from April, May, and June are collected over a three-month period with 25% collected in the month of sale, 65% collected in the month following sale, and 10% in the second month following sale. Credit sales from February and March are collected during the second quarter using the collection percentages specified in the main section.
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The company maintains its ending inventory levels for April, May, and June at 15% of the cost of merchandise to be sold in the following month. The merchandise inventory at March 31 remains $61,600 and accounts payable for inventory purchases at March 31 remains $89,600.
2. Using the president’s new assumptions in (b) above, prepare the following for merchandise inventory:
a. A merchandise purchases budget for April, May, and June.
b. A schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases for April, May, and June and for the quarter in total.
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