ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780190931919
Author: NEWNAN
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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**Text Transcription for Educational Website:**

**a) Drawing the Lorenz Curve:**
With the following data, we can construct a Lorenz Curve, which is a graphical representation of income distribution within a population. 

| % of Population     | % of Income |
|---------------------|-------------|
| Lowest 20%          | 6.1         |
| Second lowest       | 13.3        |
| Middle 20%          | 17.0        |
| Second highest      | 22.0        |
| Highest 20%         | 41.6        |

**Explanation of the Lorenz Curve:**
The Lorenz Curve illustrates the proportion of total income earned by cumulative percentages of the population. If income were perfectly equally distributed, the Lorenz Curve would be a 45-degree line (also known as the line of equality). Deviations from this line indicate inequality in income distribution—the more bowed the curve, the higher the level of inequality.

**b) Calculating the Gini Coefficient:**
To calculate the Gini Coefficient from the Lorenz Curve, one typically measures the area between the line of equality (the 45-degree line) and the Lorenz Curve itself. The Gini Coefficient is the ratio of this area to the total area under the line of equality. It ranges from 0 to 1, where 0 signifies perfect equality and 1 indicates maximum inequality. The Gini Coefficient provides a numerical measure to summarize the income distribution summarized by the Lorenz Curve.

This analysis helps in understanding economic inequality within a specific area or population, aiding policymakers and researchers in decisions and studies related to wealth distribution.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Text Transcription for Educational Website:** **a) Drawing the Lorenz Curve:** With the following data, we can construct a Lorenz Curve, which is a graphical representation of income distribution within a population. | % of Population | % of Income | |---------------------|-------------| | Lowest 20% | 6.1 | | Second lowest | 13.3 | | Middle 20% | 17.0 | | Second highest | 22.0 | | Highest 20% | 41.6 | **Explanation of the Lorenz Curve:** The Lorenz Curve illustrates the proportion of total income earned by cumulative percentages of the population. If income were perfectly equally distributed, the Lorenz Curve would be a 45-degree line (also known as the line of equality). Deviations from this line indicate inequality in income distribution—the more bowed the curve, the higher the level of inequality. **b) Calculating the Gini Coefficient:** To calculate the Gini Coefficient from the Lorenz Curve, one typically measures the area between the line of equality (the 45-degree line) and the Lorenz Curve itself. The Gini Coefficient is the ratio of this area to the total area under the line of equality. It ranges from 0 to 1, where 0 signifies perfect equality and 1 indicates maximum inequality. The Gini Coefficient provides a numerical measure to summarize the income distribution summarized by the Lorenz Curve. This analysis helps in understanding economic inequality within a specific area or population, aiding policymakers and researchers in decisions and studies related to wealth distribution.
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