a) What user(s) can change the permissions of newfile? b) How do we view what permissions are currently in place for that file? c) What are the base file and directory permissions in most Debian Linux systems? d) What permissions does the preconfigured umask set for new files and directories?

The ACL for a hypothetical file in a Linux system is –rw-r-----. Briefly explain who can read and/or write this file. Do not explain each character in the ACL, but answer in broad terms as simply as you can.

Given a linux file mode (permissions) as an integer, return the permission string that the mode represents. Example 1: mode = 511 511 == Ob111111111 permissons = 'rwxrwxrwx' Example 2: mode = 424 424 == ob110101000 permissions = 'rw-r-x---' def perms(mode): pass

Write the command that can be used to perform the following:a. Back up the contents of the /var directory (which contains symbolically linked files)to the second nonrewinding SCSI tape device on the system using the tar utility.b. Append the file /etc/inittab to the archive created in Exercise 3a.c. Create a tarball called /stuff.tar.gz that contains all files in the /root/stuff directory. d.Use the cpio utility to back up all files in the /var directory (which contains symbolicallylinked files) to the first rewinding IDE tape device that has a block size of5KB.e. Perform a full filesystem backup of the /var filesystem using the dump utility andrecord the event in the /etc/dumpdates file.f. View the contents of the archives created in Exercises 3a, c, d, and e.g. Extract the contents of the archives created in Exercises 3a and c to the /rootdirectory.h. Extract the contents of the archives created in Exercises 3d and e to their originallocations.