O hard shells.A vicious predator with stinging cells and disguised like a flower is theO Sea cucumberO Rock fishO Sea anemone) hermit crablimppt pre referred to as

Cnidarians possess radial symmetry. They are named cnidarians because they contain stinging cells…

Answered: A vicious predator with stinging cells…

Science

Biology

A vicious predator with stinging cells and disguised like a flower is the

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter45: Community Ecology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14SQ

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Testing Biological Control Ant-decapitating phorid flies are just one of the biological control agents used to battle imported fire ants. Researchers have also enlisted the help of Thelohania solenopsae, another natural enemy of the ants. This microsporidian (Section 23.4) is a parasite that infects ants and shrinks the ovaries of the colony's egg-producing female (the queen). As a result, a colony dwindles in numbers and eventually dies out. Are these biological controls useful against imported fire ants? To find out, USDA scientists treated infested areas with either traditional pesticides or pesticides plus biological controls (both flies and the parasite). The scientists left some plots untreated as controls. FIGURE 45.28 shows the results. FIGURE 45.28 A comparison of two methods of controlling red imported fire ants. The graph shows numbers of imported fire ants over a 28-month period Orange triangles represent untreated control plots. Green circles are plots treated with pesticides alone Black squares are plots treated with pesticide and biological control agents (phorid flies along with a microsporidian parasite). 3. If this study had ended after the first year, would you conclude that biological controls had a major effect?
Deathly Lamprey Repellent Predation by sea lampreys on native fishes in the Great Lakes is an ongoing problem. To help solve it, Michael Wagner and his team test methods of repelling lampreys. They carried out an experiment to investigate reports that sea lampreys detect the scent of lamprey carcasses and tend to avoid them. The researchers made alcohol-based lamprey carcass extracts, then observed what happened when lampreys were put in tanks and exposed to either this extract or to alcohol alone. FIGURE 25.6 shows their results. FIGURE 25.6 Effectiveness of carcass extracts as a lamprey repellent. Mean proportion of lampreys on the scented side of the test tank during B trials with 10 lampreys. Lampreys were placed in the tank for 20 minutes before exposure to alcohol or carcass extract and remained there for 40 minutes after exposure. The upper graph shows results with alcohol as the stimulus; the lower shows the results with carcass extracts. Bars indicate standard error. Why was it necessary to test the response of lampreys to the scent of alcohol alone?
Deathly Lamprey Repellent Predation by sea lampreys on native fishes in the Great Lakes is an ongoing problem. To help solve it, Michael Wagner and his team test methods of repelling lampreys. They carried out an experiment to investigate reports that sea lampreys detect the scent of lamprey carcasses and tend to avoid them. The researchers made alcohol-based lamprey carcass extracts, then observed what happened when lampreys were put in tanks and exposed to either this extract or to alcohol alone. FIGURE 25.6 shows their results. FIGURE 25.6 Effectiveness of carcass extracts as a lamprey repellent. Mean proportion of lampreys on the scented side of the test tank during B trials with 10 lampreys. Lampreys were placed in the tank for 20 minutes before exposure to alcohol or carcass extract and remained there for 40 minutes after exposure. The upper graph shows results with alcohol as the stimulus; the lower shows the results with carcass extracts. Bars indicate standard error. What was the lowest proportion on lampreys on the scented side of the tank when the scent was alcohol? When the scent was alcohol-based carcass extract?
true O False Action potentials travel only along myelinated axons; unmyelinated axons do not support action potentials * True False Mycology: the study of fungi Parasitology * True O False
Please help me to graph this please please don't reject I have to do it now I am screwed if you reject this please btw to graph you only need the year and adult fireflies trap
Summoning Moaquitoes Parasites sometimes alter their hosts behavior in a way that increase their chances of transmission to another host. Dr. Jacob Koella and his associates hypothesized that Plasmodium might benefit by making its human host more attractive to hungry mosquitoes when gametocytes are available in the hosts blood. Gametocytes taken up by the mosquito will mature into gametes and mate inside its gut. To test their hypothesis, the researchers recorded the response or mosquitoes to the odor or Plasmodium-infected children and uninfected children over the course of 12 trials on 12 separate days. FIRGURE 21.18 shows their results. FIGURE 21.18 Attracting mosquitoes. The graph shows that the number of mosquitoes (out 100) attracted to uninfected children, children harboring the aseoual stage of Plasmodium, and children with gametocytes in their blood. The bars show the average number of mosquitoes attracted to that category of child over the course of 12 separate trials. On average, which group of children was most attractive to mosquitoes?
Sustainable Use of Horseshoe Crabs Horseshoe crab blood clots immediately upon exposure to bacterial toxins, so it can be used to test injectable drugs for the presence of dangerous bacteria. To keep horseshoe crab populations stable, blood is extracted from captured animals, which are then returned to the wild. Concerns about the survival of animals after bleeding led researchers to do an experiment. They compared survival of animals captured and maintained in a tank with that of animals captured, bled, and kept in a similar tank. FIGURE 24.28 shows the results. FIGURE 24.28 Mortality of young male horseshoe crabs kept in tanks during the 2 weeks after their capture. Half the animals were bled on the day of their capture. Control animals were handled, but not bled. This procedure was repeated 8 times with different sets of horseshoe crabs. In which trial did the most control crabs die? In which did the most bled crabs die?
Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli (Melamprosops phaeosoma) was discovered in 1973 by a group or students from the University of Hawaii. Its membership in the Hawaiian honeycreeper clade was (until recently) controversial, mainly because its appearance and behavior are so different from other living honeycreepers. Its particularly lacked the old tent odor characteristic of other honeycreepers. In 2011, Heather Lerner and her colleagues deciphered phylogeny of the 19 Hawaiian honeycreepers that were not yet officially declared to be extinct at the time, including the Poouli. The researchers sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear DNA samples taken from the honeycreepers, and also from 28 other birds (outgroups). Phylogenetic analysis of these data firmly establishes the Poouli as a member of the clade, and also reveals the Eurasian rosefinch as the clades closest relative (FIGURE 18.11). FIGURE 18.11 Hawaiian honeycreeper phylogeny. This cladogram was constructed using sequence comparisons of mitochondrial DNA (whole genome), and 13 nuclear DNA loci of 19 Hawaiian honeycreeper and 28 other finch species. 1. Which species on the cladogram represents an outgroup?
Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli (Melamprosops phaeosoma) was discovered in 1973 by a group or students from the University of Hawaii. Its membership in the Hawaiian honeycreeper clade was (until recently) controversial, mainly because its appearance and behavior are so different from other living honeycreepers. Its particularly lacked the old tent odor characteristic of other honeycreepers. In 2011, Heather Lerner and her colleagues deciphered phylogeny of the 19 Hawaiian honeycreepers that were not yet officially declared to be extinct at the time, including the Poouli. The researchers sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear DNA samples taken from the honeycreepers, and also from 28 other birds (outgroups). Phylogenetic analysis of these data firmly establishes the Poouli as a member of the clade, and also reveals the Eurasian rosefinch as the clades closest relative (FIGURE 18.11). FIGURE 18.11 Hawaiian honeycreeper phylogeny. This cladogram was constructed using sequence comparisons of mitochondrial DNA (whole genome), and 13 nuclear DNA loci of 19 Hawaiian honeycreeper and 28 other finch species. 4. Which species is more closely related to the Palila (Loxioides bailleui): the Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea) or the Maui Alauahio (Paroreomyza montana)?
Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli (Melamprosops phaeosoma) was discovered in 1973 by a group or students from the University of Hawaii. Its membership in the Hawaiian honeycreeper clade was (until recently) controversial, mainly because its appearance and behavior are so different from other living honeycreepers. Its particularly lacked the old tent odor characteristic of other honeycreepers. In 2011, Heather Lerner and her colleagues deciphered phylogeny of the 19 Hawaiian honeycreepers that were not yet officially declared to be extinct at the time, including the Poouli. The researchers sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear DNA samples taken from the honeycreepers, and also from 28 other birds (outgroups). Phylogenetic analysis of these data firmly establishes the Poouli as a member of the clade, and also reveals the Eurasian rosefinch as the clades closest relative (FIGURE 18.11). FIGURE 18.11 Hawaiian honeycreeper phylogeny. This cladogram was constructed using sequence comparisons of mitochondrial DNA (whole genome), and 13 nuclear DNA loci of 19 Hawaiian honeycreeper and 28 other finch species. 3. What is the sister group of the Akikiki (Oreomystis bairdi)?
Testing Biological Control Biological control agents are used to battle red imported fire ants. Researchers have enlisted the help of Thelohania solenopsae, a natural enemy of the ants. This microsporidian (Section 23.4) is a parasite that infects ants and shrinks the ovaries of the colony's egg-producing female (the queen). As a result, a colony dwindles in numbers. Are these biological controls useful against imported fire ants? To find out, USDA scientists treated infested areas with either traditional pesticides or pesticides plus biological controls (both flies and the parasite). The scientists left some plots untreated as controls. FIGURE 45.16 shows the results. FIGURE 45.16 A comparison of two methods of controlling red imported fire ants. The graph shows the numbers of red imported fire ants over a 28-month period. Orange triangles represent untreated control plots. Green circles are plots treated with pesticides alone. Black squares are plots treated with pesticide and biological control agents (parasitoid flies and a microsporidian parasite). How did population size in the two types of treated plots change during this same interval?
Testing Biological Control Biological control agents are used to battle red imported fire ants. Researchers have enlisted the help of Thelohania solenopsae, a natural enemy of the ants. This microsporidian (Section 23.4) is a parasite that infects ants and shrinks the ovaries of the colony's egg-producing female (the queen). As a result, a colony dwindles in numbers. Are these biological controls useful against imported fire ants? To find out, USDA scientists treated infested areas with either traditional pesticides or pesticides plus biological controls (both flies and the parasite). The scientists left some plots untreated as controls. FIGURE 45.16 shows the results. FIGURE 45.16 A comparison of two methods of controlling red imported fire ants. The graph shows the numbers of red imported fire ants over a 28-month period. Orange triangles represent untreated control plots. Green circles are plots treated with pesticides alone. Black squares are plots treated with pesticide and biological control agents (parasitoid flies and a microsporidian parasite). If this study had ended after the first year, would you conclude that biological controls had a major effect?