A type 316 stainless steel pipe has a 6 cm inside diameter and an 8 cm outside diameter with a 2 mm layer of 85% magnesia insula- tion around it. Liquid at 112°C flows inside with ħ¡ = 346 W/m²K. The air around the pipe is at 20°C, and ħ, = 6 W/m²K. Calculate U based on the inside area. Sketch the equivalent electrical circuit, showing all known temperatures. Discuss the results and suggest an improved design. [T, = 96.36°C]

B/A boiling channel receives a thermal power of 6000 kw. If subcooled water at 275 °C enters the channel at a flow rate of 15 kg/s what is the void fraction at the channel outlet where the slip ratio is 1.687 and pressure is 68 bar. Given data: At 68 bar: h=1256 KJ/Kg, hg-1518 KJ/Kg, V-1.344*10-³ m³/Kg, V-28.27*10³ m³/Kg

silicon carbide (T ≈ 300 K): k = 490 W/m⋅K

A 2 m wide, 3 m high, and 50 mm thick sheet of XPS insulation (M = 50 ng/Pa.s.m2), has a vapor pressure of 1500 Pa on one side, and 3500 Pa on the other. Calculate the vapor flow rate (Qv), vapor flux (qv), permeability, Rv value and the permeability (μ)