Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Transcribed Image Text:The image depicts a cross-section of a cell membrane illustrating the transport of ions across the membrane.
### Diagram Explanation:
- **Area Labelled A:** Indicates a channel in the membrane that facilitates active transport.
- **Area Labelled B:** Represents ions outside of the cell, specifically sodium ions (Na⁺), depicted as small yellow circles.
- **Area Labelled C:** Demonstrates ion channels embedded in the membrane, allowing for passive transport of ions.
- **Area Labelled D:** Shows potassium ions (K⁺) outside the cell, depicted as larger orange circles.
- **Area Labelled E:** Indicates the transport directions of ions through the channels.
**Membrane Structure:**
- **Outside Cell:** The region above the membrane, highlighted in blue, represents the extracellular space.
- **Inside Cell:** The region below the membrane, highlighted in beige, represents the intracellular space.
- **Ion Channels:** Shown as purple structures spanning the membrane, facilitating ion movement.
### True/False Question:
This cell is at rest.
- ○ True
- ○ False
Note that the cellular activity related to ion movement implies a dynamic equilibrium state rather than a complete rest state.
![**Action Potential Phases Matching Exercise**
In this exercise, you will match the different phases of an action potential depicted in the plot with their correct terms or descriptions. The graph illustrates the changes in membrane potential over time, marked from A to E, each representing a distinct phase in the action potential.
**Graph Description:**
- **Y-Axis (Membrane Potential):** Ranges from -70 mV to +50 mV.
- **X-Axis (Time):** Ranges from 0 to 4 units.
**Phases:**
- **A:** This phase begins at the resting membrane potential (-70 mV) and shows a slight initial increase.
- **B:** A rapid rise in membrane potential, indicating depolarization, reaching a peak of about +50 mV.
- **C:** A sharp decrease from the peak, representing repolarization back toward negative values.
- **D:** A slight overshoot beyond the resting potential, indicating hyperpolarization.
- **E:** Horizontal line indicating the return to the resting membrane potential.
**Matching Terms/Descriptions:**
- **A [] Choose**
- **B [] Choose**
- **C [] Choose**
- **D [] Choose**
- **E [] Choose**
Select the most appropriate term or description for each labeled phase in the provided dropdowns.](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/450044ef-db4b-4b73-a24e-98f3627ca204/9e7275a4-1130-48dd-b668-d66df3ef8ba5/g9li8_processed.jpeg)
Transcribed Image Text:**Action Potential Phases Matching Exercise**
In this exercise, you will match the different phases of an action potential depicted in the plot with their correct terms or descriptions. The graph illustrates the changes in membrane potential over time, marked from A to E, each representing a distinct phase in the action potential.
**Graph Description:**
- **Y-Axis (Membrane Potential):** Ranges from -70 mV to +50 mV.
- **X-Axis (Time):** Ranges from 0 to 4 units.
**Phases:**
- **A:** This phase begins at the resting membrane potential (-70 mV) and shows a slight initial increase.
- **B:** A rapid rise in membrane potential, indicating depolarization, reaching a peak of about +50 mV.
- **C:** A sharp decrease from the peak, representing repolarization back toward negative values.
- **D:** A slight overshoot beyond the resting potential, indicating hyperpolarization.
- **E:** Horizontal line indicating the return to the resting membrane potential.
**Matching Terms/Descriptions:**
- **A [] Choose**
- **B [] Choose**
- **C [] Choose**
- **D [] Choose**
- **E [] Choose**
Select the most appropriate term or description for each labeled phase in the provided dropdowns.
Expert Solution
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Step 1
Neurons have the capability of generating and transmitting nerve impulses. The transportation of specific ions across the plasma membrane is responsible for the generation of nerve impulses which directly depends on the activation and inactivation of specific transporter proteins on the plasma membrane.
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