What will happen if both SRP54 and SRalpha are bound to GTPgammaS instead of GTP? SRP54 and SRalpha will always bind to the sec61 translocon, and ribosome will fail to translate proteins into the ER lumen SRP54 will never bind to SRP receptor, and ribosome will always translate proteins into the ER lumen SRP54 and SRalpha will always bind to the sec61 translocon, and ribosome will always translate proteins into the ER lumen SRP54 will never bind to SRP receptor, and ribosome will fail to translate proteins into the ER lumen

What would happen to nuclear transport if you removed all of the Ran-GAP? For a while nuclear import receptors will still deliver cargo to the inside of the nucleus Nuclear import receptors will be loaded with RanGTP and will gradually stop binding to the proteins with NLS signals Nuclear export receptors will no longer deliver their cargo to the outside of the membrane and will probably shuttle in and out of the nucleus full of cargo Ran-GDP will no longer be made All of the above

Initiation step of protein synthesis in bacteria DOES NOT require which of the following? OA Guanosine-triphosphate (GTP) O B. Initiation factors 1, 2 and 3 (IF-1, IF-2, IF-3) OC Messenger RNA (MRNA). OD Elongation factors Tu and G (EF Tu, EF G). OE Initiator formyl methionyl IRNA

Look at the figure and predict what would happen if the SRPRNA was unable to stimulate the GTPase activities of the GTPbindingproteins within SRP and the SRP receptor.

How do sigma factors help regulate gene expression during the transition to stationary phase? O Sigma factors create extra nutrients by fixing CO2 and N2 in the air, thereby preventing the onset of stationary phase. O Different sigma factors recognize different promoters. Sigma factors that recognize stress response and catabolic metabolism promoters are expressed during stationary phase and the housekeeping sigma factor is downregulated, Thus, transcription shifts toward stress response and away from growth, O Sigma factors bind the ribosome and block it from translating certain MRNAS that no longer need to be translated in stationary phase O Signa factors are transcriptional inhibitors, they stop transcription entirely so the bacteria don't waste energy on transcription during starvation O Stationary phase is caused by rifampin treatment, and sigma factors block rifampin activity. thereby preventing the onset of stationary phase.

While studying the secretory pathway, you make the following observation about proteins destined for the ER: Proteins translated in vitro in the absence of microsomes migrate more slowly on an SDS PAGE gel than those translated in the presence of microsomes.  What might account for the observed protein size difference?       A. SRP, present only in microsomes, and binds to and removes the signal sequence from the protein, resulting in a protein is smaller and migrates more quickly on a gel.       B.   Signal peptidase, present only in the microsomes, cleaves the signal sequence from the protein, making the protein smaller and therefore migrate more quickly.     C.   In vitro translated proteins tend to be larger due to a more stable poly A tail      D.   Signal peptidase, present only in the microsomes, adds a signal sequence to the protein, making the protein larger and therefore migrate more slowly.

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You are lovely little gene which makes the actin protein (the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton protein). You have just woken up to a transcription factor sitting down on your local TATA box. Tell me all your life events from beginning vou just saw the transcription factors) to end fyour protein death). Don't forget to mention WHERE you have lived during your life, how you have moved, what helped you along the way, and all the other proteins and other small molecules you have

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In the absence of tension, MscL channel has an energy gap separating the closed and open states Eo = 50 kT. MscL opening is associated with a 20 nm2 in-plane protein expansion (change in A). Plot its open probability (Po) as a function of membrane tension. What will be the open probabilities of two MscL channels if one situates at the pole of the bacterial cell above, another in the middle?