A synthetic cell has cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Outside the cell there is a concentration of 2 mM Na3PO4, whereas inside the cell the concentration of Na3PO, is 200 mM. The synthetic plasma membrane contains PO, 3- channels. However, these channels are opened.

An additional dark control is recommended for membrane analysis, one that includes the membrane disrupting agent. Why might you want this added control reaction?

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TPA protein function. Use at least two sentences to describe the function of the TPA protein.

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nerve impulses. Neurotransmitters are packaged by the cell into small, membrane- bound sacs called vesicles. Upon receiving a chemical signal, the vesicles move towards the cell membrane and fuse with it, releasing the enclosed neurotransmitters from the terminal end of the nerve cell. Which organelle is most likely responsible for packaging neurotransmitters into a vesicle? Mitochondria Golgi body Ribosomes Nucleus

Integral membrane proteins... Choose all that could apply are bound to the membrane by only interacting with the phospholipid's polar head O contain many amino acids with hydrophobic residues O contain alpha-helical membrane spanning domains O would not be digested by trypsin in a permeabilized cell O interact with the phospholipid core of the phospholipid bilayer

ing two questions. ollowing graphs: a) A graph that compares the side length (x axis) versus the surface area to volume ratio (y axis). b) A graph that compares the surface area to volume ratio (x axis) versus the diffusion time (y axis). (Do not forget to label the axes, the units on the axes, scale, and the title) 2. Based on your results, would it be more efficient for a multicellular animal to grow by increasing the size of cells or by increasing the number of cells? Explain your answer referencing your results from the lab. Only students in Science 10 need to complete the following question. 3. The concept of surface area to volume ratio can be applied to multicellular organisms. Using your understanding of the surface area to volume ratio, explain why moving from the equator towards the North Pole, bears (Sun bear, Panda bear, Black bear, Grizzly bear, and Polar bear) increase in size. E B

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