A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of helichrysum oil for allergies. 31 of the 48 subjects who were given helichrysum oil still developed symptoms of allergies after taking the oil. In a group who were given plecebos, 87 of the 108 subjects still developed symptoms of allergies. Use a 90% confidence level to test the claim that helichrysum oil has an effect on allergy symptoms. Is this a right, left or two tailed test? What is the P-value? write a conclusion

You conducted a study to assess the effect of smoking on systolic blood pressure. The results showed that there was a significant association between the two variables, with an odds ratio of 1.5. Explain this finding to someone who has no background in epidemiologic research.

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A small pilot study is conducted to investigate the effect of a nutritional supplement on total body weight. Six participants agree to take the nutritional supplement.  To assess its effect on body weight, weights are measured before starting the supplementation and then after 6 weeks.  The data are shown below.  Is there a significant increase in body weight following supplementation?  Run the test at a 5% level of significance. Demonstrate the five steps for hypothesis testing and explain your results.   Subject Initial Weight Weight after 6 Weeks 1 155 157 2 142 145 3 176 180 4 180 175 5 210 209 6 125 126

Acne is a common skin disease that affects most adolescents and can continue into adulthood. A study compared the effectiveness of three acne treatments and a placebo, all in gel form, applied twice daily for 12 weeks. The study's 517 teenage volunteers were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments. Success was assessed as clear or almost clear skin at the end of the 12 week period. The results of the study can be seen in the table below. Using the appropriate statistical test, determine if there is significant evidence that the four treatments perform differently. If so, how do they compare.

A researcher was interested in how the effects of stress were different in people with our without military training.  A equal number of participants were recruited that either had no military experience or had completed military experience.  All participants were asked to give a speech without preparation while being judged by a panel of experts.  Their heart rates were monitored during the speech and an average heart rate was calcuated for each participant. Which statistical test would be best to determine if there is a significant difference between groups?     one-sample t-test     dependent samples t-test     independent samples t-test     ANOVA

(OPHTHALMOLOGY) The following data are from a study on Botox injections. Patients received a high-dose injection in one eye (experimental treatment = treatment E) and a low-dose injection in the other eye (control treatment = treatment C). Patients were asked to rate the level of pain in each eye on a 1–10 scale, with higher scores indicating more pain. The assignment of treatments to eyes was randomized. The subjects came back over several visits. Data from the last visit are given in the following table:  1. Which of the following is the correct test to conduct given the situation above? 2. The hypotheses are: 3. What is the level of significance? 4. What is the computed test statistic? Hint: Use (mean of "Pain in E eye") minus (mean of "Pain in C eye") 5. What is the correct decision based on the p-value or critical value method?