A steam engine boiler is maintained at 250°C and water is converted into steam. This steam is used to do work and heat is ejected to the surrounding air at temperature 300K. Calculate the maximum efficiency it can have in percent

Kentaja is volunteering with Doctors Without Borders, and is distributing the Maderna vaccine in Libya. She is in a region wheré the average Summer temperature is 104°F, but the Moderna vaccine must bé kept in a 50°F refrigerator for distribution. Kentaja remenmbers her Physics training and designs a refrigerator that uUseš retrigerant 12 and has a mass flow rate 0.004 kg/s that 'does the job. For Kentaja's refrigerator calculate : A.) Power input required by the compressor B.) Coefficient of performance

A condenser (heat exchanger) brings 1 kg/s water flow at 10 kPa quality 95% to saturated liquid at 10 kPa. The cooling is done by lake water at 20 degree Celsius that returns to the lake at 30 degree Celsius. For an insulated condenser, find the flow rate of cooling water.

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TH 3 kg of air as an ideal gas undergoes a Carnot refrigeration cycle as shown The isothermal expansion occurs at 300K and isothermal compression occurs at 600K. The heat transfer to air during isothermal expansion is 125 kJ. Pressure at the end of figure. isothermal expansion is 75 kPa. a. Find pressure at the beginning of the isothermal expansion. Show all work and explain your numbers. b. Sketch this cycle on the T-s diagram. Show on the diagram the system states (1,2,3, and 4), the cycle direction, and the cycle work (not its amount)

Steam to a turbine at a mass flow rate of 1.4 kg/s, 700 kPa pressure and 400 °C enters the temperature. Steam at 100 kPa pressure and 1.4 m3/kg specific volume exits the turbine. Heat transfer from turbine to environment 50 kW, with turbine Since the boundary temperature between the environment is 70 °C, a) Find the power produced by the turbine, entropy produced in the turbine and isentropic efficiency of the turbine. Note: The changes in kinetic and potential energies will be neglected and T (K) = 273 + °C will be taken.

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Problem 4.01. A carnot refrigerator (carnot cycle heat pump in reverse) operating between Th and Te is used to cool and freeze a bottle of water, volume V, at a temperature To < Th to freezing temperature T (known density Pw, heat capacity cw). (a) Find the work required to cool and freeze the water. (b) Find the change in entropy in the heat baths, and use it to place a limit on the change in entropy of the water (without calculating the entropy change in the water). The C.O.P. of a carnot refrigerator: KR= Qc = W Te Th-Te

A heat pump shown is driven by 3.0 MW motor and receives heat from a source at 60C and deliver energy to a boiler that operates at constant pressure and saturation temperature of 140 C. The water enters the boiler as saturated liquid and leaves as saturated vapor at the same temperature. The heat pump operates with a COP (coefficient of performance) that is 60% of a Carnot heat pump COP. Find : 1- the maximum mass flow rate of water the system can deliver 2- the heat received from the source Q, boiler mter TH VHP - w T 60°C

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