Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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A small portion of a population migrates to an isolated island. Its genotypic frequencies are 0.8 AA, 0.1 Aa and 0.1 aa. These individuals start a new population on this island. What violation of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium is being described here?
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- Sample A has been allowed to breed randomly for many generations. At a particular gene locus, there are two alleles, and one is dominant to the other. After several generations, 64% of the animals have the phenotype associated with the dominant allele. Population A is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.a) In Colony A, what is the estimated frequency of the recessive allele and heterozygous genotype? Sample B has been studied for many generations. The slope of the regression line describing the relationship between the number of whiskers in an offspring and the average number of whiskers of both parents is 0.50.b)What is the heritability (h2) of abdominal bristle number in Sample B? c) Suppose that the mean whisker number in Sample B is 26 and suppose that the researcher chooses rats for breeding such that the mean whisker number of breeding individuals is 36. What would you expect the mean number of whiskers in the offspring of these breeding individuals to be? Why? d) Precisely why…arrow_forwardA founder population of interesting creatures is established, and the average probability of identity by descent is calculated for each subsequent generation as follows: Generation F 1 0.05 2 0.0975 3 0.142625 4 0.2283625 a) What are the effective population sizes Ne for each Generation 1 through 4, relative to Generation 0 (the founder population)? b) What is the effective population size of Generation 4 relative to Generation 3? c) Is there any evidence for changes in population size after the founder event, and if so, at which generation did the size change in the number of breeding individuals occur?arrow_forwardIn a population of 265 individuals, a locus has two alleles: E and e. If 59 individuals have the ee genotype, and the locus is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the EE genotype?arrow_forward
- Approximately 1% of the magpies (Pica pica) in a hypothetical populations are albino. Assume that the albino phenotype is due to a recessive allele and that this population is in HardyWeinberg proportions at this locus. (a) What is the estimated frequency of the albino allele in this population? (b) What is the probability that the first progeny born to a mating between an albino and a normal magpie from this population will be albino? (Hint: what is the probability that the normal magpie is heterozygous, given the allele frequencies in this population?)arrow_forwardThe ability to breathe fire in dragons is controlled by a single gene with two alleles. The fire-breathing allele (F) is dominant to the non-fire breathing allele (f) In a population of 600 dragons, 150 dragons are non-fire breathing (ff) and the rest can breathe fire (either FF or Ff). The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequency of the dominant allele (F) is represented by "p" and the frequency of the recessive allele (f) is represented by "q". Recall the allele frequency is p+q = 1 and the Hardy-Weinburg equation is p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1. 5. +. A. What is the frequency of the recessive allele (f)? Hint: you can figure out the frequency of ff, which is equal to q2, but then you need to solve for q B. What is the frequency of heterozygous indrviduals (Ff) in the bopulation? Hint: this would be equal to 2pq. You already solved for q, so you need to determine p before you can solve for 2pq.arrow_forwardIn a certain population in the US, the frequency of CCR5-Δ32 homozygous individuals is 1%. Assuming genetic equilibrium, what is the frequency of heterozygotes in this population?arrow_forward
- at what allelic frequency is the heterozygous genotype twice as frequent as the homozygous genotype in a population when in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?arrow_forwardConsidering the Hardy-Weinberg theorem’s assumptions, which of the following statements is NOT correct? (Recall that there are certain assumptions that must be true in order for the Hardy-Weinberg theorem to accurately predict genotype ratios in the next generation.)a) The population must be very large so there random genetic drift will not occur.b) No natural selection can occur.c) Mating must be random.d) Individuals must migrate into and out of the population so that gene flow will occur.e) Mutations must not occur.arrow_forward1) In smurfs, blue tails are dominant to red tails. You observe the following distribution in a smurf population: 214 blue tailed individuals genotype BB 37 blue tailed individuals genotype Bb 19 red tailed individuals genotype bb Is this population in HW equilibrium for the blue tail gene? Show your work. If the population is not in HW equilibrium, what might me causing the disequilibrium?arrow_forward
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