A saturated liquid feed of 500 mol/hr containing 40 mole % water is to be fractionated at 101.325kPa (abs) in order to form a distillate containing 70 mole % water and a bottoms product of 10 mole % water. NOTE: This is actually NOT an ideal solution, e.g. Raoult’s Law does NOT apply. Equilibrium data is available on Blackboard. Assume a distillate reflux ratio (if necessary) of 3:1. a)  Calculate the flowrates (mol/hr) of the distillate and bottoms. b)  Determine the theoretical number of trays and the feed tray number for the specified operation. c)  Determine the minimum reflux ratio, RMIN and the minimum number of theoretical trays at total reflux. d)  Compare the results of (a-c) to the ideal system considered in the previous assignment.

Reading/References: Ch 7 [Seader, Henley, & Roper (SHR) Textbook] 1) “Boiling Points” -Txy and xy diagrams. The vapor-pressure for the system benzene / ethylbenzene is available (spreadsheet): a) Using Raoult’s Law and Antoine’s Equation calculate and plot the Txy diagram for a total pressure of 101.325kPa. b) Plot the xy data for this system at a total pressure of 101.325kPa.           Vapor Pressure   Temperature   Benzene Ethylbenzene T (F) T (K) T (C)  kPa kPa 176.3 353.3 80.2 101.475 16.863 187.5 359.5 86.4 122.4 21.271 198.7 365.7 92.6 146.6 26.578 209.9 372.0 98.8 174.3 32.916 221.1 378.2 105.0 205.9 40.425 232.3 384.4 111.3 241.8 49.258 243.5 390.6 117.5 282.2 59.577 254.7 396.9 123.7 327.5 71.552 265.9 403.1 129.9 378.0 85.365 277.1 409.3 136.2 434.2 101.207 Solve b)

For a stoichiometric amount of methane-air mixture calculate the mass fractions and stoichiometrically weighted mass fractions (with the fuel being the reference species and YF, B = 1) of O₂ and CH4 before reaction, and of CO₂ and H₂O after complete reaction without dissociation. What can you say about Ỹ; and the small value of YCH4 relative to Yo₂ in terms of the suitability of hydrocarbons as transportation fuels?

Reading/References: Ch 7 [Seader, Henley, & Roper (SHR) Textbook] 101 1) "Boiling Points" - Txy and xy diagrams. The vapor-pressure for the system benzene-toluene is available (spreadsheet): a) Using Raoult's Law calculate and plot the Txy diagram at a total pressure of 101.325kPa. b) Plot the xy data for this system at a total pressure of 101.325kPa.