A sample of Ge at 300K has a uniform donor concentration of 2 x 1013cm3. The excess carrier lifetime is found to be tp0 24 us. The electron lifetime (us), n-2.4 x 101 cm-3?
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- A Alo 35 Ga0.65As/G.AS/Alo 35Gao.65AS pn" DH LED made of very high quality semiconductors has a radiative lifetime of t,=9 ns and nonradiative of tn -96 ns. At 300 K the LED is biased with a voltage V=2 V and the injected current at the biased voltage is I= 66 m4. Calculate the number of photons extracted from the LED that are normally incident to air from the GaAs active region. O a. 3.584e17 s-1 O b. 5.300e16 s-1 O c. 6.224e15 s-1 O d. 4.904e19 s-1 O e. 4.904e21 s-1Problems Q1: Calculate electrons and holes concentration in a germanium sample If T=300 K, Na-5×10¹%/m³, N₁-0. Assume that n=2.4×10¹⁹/m³. (Ans: 5.97×10¹⁹/m³, 9.65×10¹8/m³)If the radius of a calcium ion is 0.19 nm, how much energy does it take to singly ionize it? Give your answer in electron-volts (eV) with precision 0.1 eV. Give your answer to 2 significant digits. (with step pls)
- Q7. A Si sample is doped with 1016 cm-3 donor impurity is exposed by light at x = 0 to generate excess EHP of amount 1014/cm³. Excess carriers travel 1 cm distance in 0.4 ms time under a field of 2 V/cm. (a) Calculate p(x) and n(x) at x = 2Lp. (b) Calculate diffusion current density at x= 0, Lp, and 2Lp. (c) Calculate mobility for majority and minority carriers. [Dp = 25 cm²/sec, Dn = 50 cm²/sec, T₁ = Tp = 10 ns]475 cm /volt-s, and E, = 1.1 eV, 6? Given these data for Si: 4, = 1350 cm/volt-s, H calculate the following. a) The lifetimes for the electron and for the hole. b) The intrinsic conductivity a at room temperature. c) The temperature dependence of o, assuming that electron collision is dominated by phonon scattering, and plot log o versus 1/T. %3D 7. Repeat Problem 6 for Ge, using Tables 6 L and 6 ?A. If the position of a chlorine ion in a membrane is measured to an accuracy of 1.50 µm, what is its minimum uncertainty in velocity (in m/s), given its mass is 5.86 10-26 kg? B. If the ion has this velocity, what is its kinetic energy in eV? (Compare this with typical molecular binding energies of about 5 eV.)
- A germanium diode is used to detect radiation with energy of 1.6 MeV. To do so, the anode (positive terminal) is exposed to the incoming radiation. Assume that the energy is absorbed entirely at the point of entry or the anode. With mobilities of 1,150 cm?/V.s for holes and 3,750 cm?/V.s for electrons, calculate the current through the diode with reverse bias: V = 24 V and d = 12 mm. Neglect the effects of electrodes and 4. of the n and p layers and assume a single radiation event, that is a single particle or a short burst of radiation. (Charge of an electron = 1.602 x 10-19 C; d is the distance between anode and cathode).The emergence of line spectra from a gas when a current passes through it was an observed phenomenon waiting for an explanation in the early 20th century. The atomic line spectra coming from elements such as hydrogen had been analyzed since the late 19th century. By studying the wavelength of the emerging radiation of hydrogen, experimenters found (often by trial and error) that the wavelengths in those spectra were described by the formula 1 = R ( 1/2 - 1/2 ) where R is known as the Rydberg constant. It has a value of R=1.097 × 107 m-¹. The variables n₁ and no are integer numbers (n₁ = 1, 2, 3, 4, ...). As experiments continued, scientists began to see more and more characteristic lines emerging from the hydrogen spectrum. Each of them corresponded to a wavelength predicted by this formula with some integer values for m₁ and ₂. In 1913, Niels Bohr provided an explanation for the observations made in experiments by proposing that each electron in an atom had only certain allowable…The exchange current densities for a hydrogen-evolution reaction on three different metals are 5x10* A/em', 3x107 A/cm', and 5x10" A/cm, respectively. Calculate the current densities and the polarization resistances if the reactions proceed at n = -0.08 V versus SHE. The electrode surface area is I cm and a = 0.5. Solution:
- Q:: A Si sample is doped with 107 cm3 As. What is the equilibrium hole concentration at 300 k? and where is Ep relative to E,? Take n = 1.5 x 1010 cm-. (Ans. 2.25 x 10'cm,0.407ev).An HCl molecule vibrates with a natural frequency of 8.1 x1013 Hz What is the difference in energy (in joules and electron volts) between successive values of the oscillation energy?1. Consider a commercial power laser diode with an emission wavelength of 730nm. The threshold current when diode is operated at 30°C is 20 mA. The typical operating voltage for this device is 2V. At I = 100 mA. The output optical power is 60 mW. (a) Calculate the External Quantum Efficiency (EQE), External Power Efficiency (PCE), slope efficiency (nslope) of the laser diode. (b) What is the current required for an output optical power of 100 mW? (Hint: use nslope)