A researcher wants to explore the differences in health effects from two different types of sugar. She hypothesizes that artificial sweetener has lower long term health benefits than natural sugar. She will change her methods this time... This time she will have people consume artificial sweetener for a year and measure their health benefits, and then she will have the same people consume natural sugar for the next year and measure their health benefits that year as well.  What type of t-test should she use?     Group of answer choices a) Paired Samples b) No answer text provided. c) One sample d) Independent Samples

Two separate samples receive two different treatments. The first treatment group (N = 9) has a mean of 50 with SS = 710. The second treatment group (N = 6) has a mean of 60 with SS = 460. Is the second treatment group significantly larger than the first? What is the effect size?

r. Lyte wishes to study speed of Reaction Time to press a button in response to the onset of a lamp.  The independent variable (IV) is the color of the light produced by the lamp (red, orange, yellow, green, or blue).  Since only 10 participants are available, she elects to administer the IV within-subjects with all 10 participants being exposed to all five levels of the color variable.  The order of the color of the light presentation is to be counterbalanced. Using concepts from the textbook, why would Dr. Lyte need to use counterbalancing in this scenario?

You take a survey that is supposed  to measure whether you are an extrovert or not. The score you get on the extrovert survey is a z-score of 2.0. What does that mean about your level of extraversion compared to the average score?

If you have a research scenario in which the IV has three or more levels and is between subjects in nature with a quantitative DV, then you would use the One Way Between Subjects ANOVA. O True O False

The well-known psychologist Dr. Elbod has established what he calls his Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAS). The GAS, which is a scale from 0 to 10, measures the "general anxiety" of an individual, with higher GAS scores corresponding to more anxiety. (Dr. Elbod's assessment of anxiety is based on a variety of measurements, both physiological and psychological.) We're interested in making predictions about individuals' sleep behavior based on their GAS scores. The bivariate data below give the GAS score (denoted by x) and the number of hours of sleep last night (denoted by y) for each of the fifteen adults participating in a study. A scatter plot of the data is shown in Figure 1. Also given is the product of the GAS score and the sleep time for each of the fifteen adults. (These products, written in the column labelled "xy", may aid in calculations.) GAS score, x 00 2.1 3.6 8.0 3.8 7.0 9.1 5.0 5.9 9.1 1.5 6.5 4.0 3.0 8.0 Sleep time, y (in hours) 8.2 7.4 1.0 Send data to calculator 7.4 8.4…

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The contingency table shows the results of a random sample of patients from musculoskeletal injuries treated with acetaminophen or ibuprofen. At a=0.10, can you conclude that the treatment is related to the result? Result acetaminophen  Ibuprofen  Significant improvement 58 81 Slight improvement  42 19

Scientists are interested in the placebo effect on adults with arthritis. They randomly choose 15 adults with arthritis and give them 2 treatments: effective drug and placebo for 1 week at different times. At the end of each week, the scientists ask the participants to rate their arthritic pain level on a scale of 1-5, where 1 is little pain and 5 is a lot of pain. The researchers then take the difference of their pain levels (affective drug - placebo). The data are below. 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, -1, 3, 1, 2, -1, 0, 1, -2, -1, -6 (a) Find the 5-number summary for the difference of arthritic pain levels. Minimum = Q₁ = Median = USE SALT Q3 = Maximum = (b) One of the conditions for inference for population mean difference of paired data is normality. Outliers within a data set cast a shadow of doubt upon the normality of the population distribution. Use the 5-number summary calculated in part (a) to determine if there are any outliers in the data set. Which of the values, if any, is an outlier…

What are the independent and dependent variables for the following examples? What statistical test would you use for each of the following scenarios? What would you set your alpha-level at? Sally wants to examine whether there is a difference in muscular strength between participants who engaged in an 8-week resistance training program and participants who engaged in an 8-week endurance training program. The participants only took part in one of the 8-week programs, not both. What test would she use to determine whether the differences in muscular strength are significant? Why?